84 



TEANSPL ANTING TREKS. 



in connection with the habits of growth and bearing of the different 

 fruit trees, pruning will be comparatively an easy matter. The 

 mode of obtaining any particular form or character cannot fail to be 

 perfectly plain and simple : yet no one need hope to accomplish, in 

 all things, the precise results aimed at, for even the most skillful 

 operator is sometimes disappointed ; but those who give constant 

 attention to their trees will always discover a failure in time to apply 

 a remedy." 



Training. We give the accompanying (fig. 22), taken from 

 " Loudon's Encyclopaedia of Gardening," merely as illustrative of 

 the varied modes of training trees in England. Our more favored 

 land requiring no such practice to enable trees to produce abundantly, 

 the forms are only seen in some small gardens, or when the useful 

 and ornamental are attempted to be combined, in training a tree to 

 hide some out-building or unsightly prospect. As the foregoing 

 principles are sufficient, connected with the illustration, to enable 

 almost any one to practice, we add only the terms by which each 

 form is known: a, the herring-bone fan ; h, the irregular fan ; c, the 

 stellate fan ; d, the drooping Ian ; e, the wavy fan ; J\ the horizontal ; 

 g, the horizontal, with screw stem ; /^, the vertical, with screw or 

 wary shoots ; i, same, with upright shoots. 



Labels. For nursery roAvs, the best are stakes of red cedar or 

 pine, about eighteen inches long, and four wide, having one side 

 smooth, painted wnth white paint, or even oiled, and written on with 

 a soft lead pencil, before the oil or paint has dried, and driven down 

 one foot into the ground, at the commencement of each variety. 



For standard trees, slips of wood, three inches loni^;, and half an 

 inch wide, and either painted and written on as above — or, having 

 the name burned in with iron type, which is better— then secured to 



