A N 



of the Tlth without the Help of 



Valves. 



And the Reverend Mr. Hales is of 

 Opinion indeed, that 'tis very pro- 

 bable, that the Particles of Water, 

 that immediately adhere to, and are 

 llrongly imbib'd into, and attradted 

 by every Fibre of the fpongy Phh, 

 V7i\\ fuffcr fome Degree of Expanfion, 

 before they can be detach'd by the 

 "Warmth of the Sun from each at- 

 trafting Fibre 5 and confec^uently 

 the Mais of fpongy Fibres, of which 

 the Tith confifts, muft therefore be 

 extended. 



The Trunk and Branches of a Tree 

 bear a Refemblance to the exterior 

 Members and Limbs of an Animal, 

 .which it may fubfid v/ithout, tho' 

 the Rotting ai»d Morr'^ncation of 

 them do ohientimes occ lion a total 

 Deilruftion of it. Accordingly the 

 like Effedfs are found from the 

 wounding or lopping of a Tree, as 

 fi-om the wounding or cutting off a 

 Limb, as an Extravafation, Callus, 

 or the like. 



A Leaf is Part of a Plant extended 

 into Length and Breadth in fuch a 

 Manner, as to have one Side diftin- 

 guifhable from the other. The 

 Leaves, according toMalpighiusy con- 

 fift of fo many interwoven Utricles, 

 as to be not much unlike a pulmonary 

 Net, and ferve inftcad of Lungs to 

 the Plant, as the Perfpiration and 

 Refpiration are chiefly perforai'd 

 thereby. In the Day-time, when 

 the Heat hath rarefy'd the mounting 

 ]uices, fo as to become fpecifically 

 lighter than the Air, they flow out 

 thro' the Pores of the Leaves, and 

 do evaporate, which is the Occafion 

 of the Leaves becoming fo flaccid in 

 very hot Weather i but in the Night, 

 when by the Cold the juices are 

 morecondens'd, then the Leaves are 

 eredlcd again, and do draw in a 

 great Share of Nouriflirnent from 



A N 



the Air. Thefe Leaves we mayob- 

 ferve to be of different Textures on 

 each Side, the upper Surface being 

 for the moft part fmooth, the better 

 to fhoot off redundant Moiffure, 

 while the under Surface is many 

 times of a rough and cottony Tex- 

 ture, by which it is capable of re- 

 taining the Moifture j for which 

 Reafon we find, if by ill Manage- 

 ment, c^^r. the Shoots of Trees are 

 fo nail'd to a Wall, (^c. as to turn 

 the Surfaces of the Leaves the wrong 

 Side upwards, the Shoot is at a 

 Stand, until the Leaves have obtain'd 

 their proper Difpofltion. Thefe 

 Leaves, as the learned Mr. Hales ob- 

 ferves; are carefully diftributed at 

 fmallDi fiances throughout the whole 

 Length of the Shoots, and ferve as 

 fo many jointly adting Powers, 

 plac'd at different Statrons, thereby 

 with raoic Eafe to draw Plenty of 

 Sap to the extending Shoot. 



A Flower is the more tender Part 

 of a Plant, remarkable for its Colour, 

 or Form, or both, cohering with the 

 Rudiment of the Fruit, and contains 

 the Organs of Generation : Some of 

 thefe Flowers contain the Male Or- 

 gans, as the Stamina and Apices^ 

 which are loaded with the Farina 

 Foecundans, which, when ripe, is 

 fcatter'd into thofe Flowers, which 

 are Female, and confift only of an 

 Ovariii?n, which is furrounded with 

 the Petals t Other Flowers there are, 

 which h::ve both Sexes contain'd in 

 the fame Flower ; thele are call'd 

 Hermaphrodite Flowers. 



A Fruit is not that Part of a Plant, 

 which is eatable, but rather the Seeds 

 with their Covering fliould be call'd 

 the Fruit. This Covering cheriflies 

 the Seeds, until they come to Matu- 

 rity and fb defends them from the 

 Injuries of the Weather, as that thjsy 

 are not hurt thereby, and alfo pre- 

 pares the Juices defign'd for their 



Nou- 



