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aitibient Air will be continually re- 

 plete with crude rancid Vapours, 

 which being drawn in by the Fruit 

 and Leaves, will render its Juices 

 crude and unwholfome as well as 

 ill-tafted. 



Thcfc Evils being inrirely reme- 

 died by training the Trees to an 

 Efpalier, hath juftly gain'd them 

 the Preference} however, if any 

 one has a Mind to have Dwarf- 

 Trees, notwithftanding what has 

 been faid, I Ihall lay down a few 

 Rules for their Management. 



If you deiign to have Dwarf 

 Pear-Trees, you fhould bud or 

 graft them on Quince-Stocks i for 

 free Stocks are apt to make them 

 fhoot {o vigoroufly, as not to be 

 kept within Bounds : Thefe Grafts 

 or Buds fhould be put in about four 

 or fix Inches above the Surface of 

 the Ground, that the Heads of the 

 Trees may not be advanced too 

 high i and when the Bud or Graft 

 has (hot oat four Eyes, you ftiould 

 ftop the Shoot, to force out lateral 

 Branches. 



Two Years after Budding, thefe 

 Trees will be fit to tranfpiant where 

 they are to remain j tor tho' many 

 People chufe to plant Trees ot a 

 greater Age, yet they feldom fuc- 

 ceed fo well as young ones. The 

 Diflance thefe Trees fhould be 

 planted is twenty Foot in the . 

 Rows, and thirty Foot Row from 

 Row, tor lefs will not do, if the 

 Trees thrive well : The Ground 

 between them may be cultivated 

 for Kitchen-Garden Herbs, while 

 the Trees are young, but you 

 fhould not fow or plant too near 

 their Roots. 



In order to train your Trees re- 

 gularly, you Ihould drive Stakes 

 into the Ground round the Tree, 

 to which the Branches fhould be 

 nail'd down with Lift in an hori- 



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zontAl Pofition j for if they arc 

 fufPerM to take a perpendicular Fi- 

 gure while young, they can't be 

 afterwards j-educ'd, without great 

 Violence, to any tolerable Shape. 

 The necefTary Dire6tions to be af- 

 terwards folio w'd are, not to fuffer 

 any Branches to crofs each other : 

 and always in fhortning any, be 

 fure to leave the uppermofl: Eye 

 outwards, whereby the Hollo wnefs 

 in the Middle of the Tree will be 

 better prcferv'd, and be careful to 

 rub off all perpendicular Shoots in 

 the Middle of the Trees, fb fbon 

 as they are produc'd. The other 

 neccflary Rules you'll find under the 

 Article of Pruning, 



The Sorts of Pears which do 

 befl in Dwarfs, are all Summer and 

 Autumn Fruits ; for Winter Pears 

 are not worth planting in Dwarfs, 

 for they feldom bear well, nor are 

 ever well-tafted, and commonly^ 

 are very flony. 



Apples are alfo planted in Dwarfs, 

 moft of which are now budded or 

 grafted on Paradife Stocks j but as 

 thefe are for the mofl part of a 

 fhort Duration, fb they are not 

 profitable, and are fit only for fmall 

 Gardens, as a Matter of Curiolity, 

 producing Fruit fooner and in greater 

 Plenty, than when they arc upon 

 Crab or Apple Srocks. 



The Diftance thefe" Trees fhould 

 be planted, if on Paradife Stocks, 

 fhould be fix Feet afunder in the 

 Rows, and twelve Feet Row from 

 Rowj but if on Crab Stocks, fix- 

 teen Feet afunder in the Rows, 

 and twenty-tour Feet Row from 

 Row. The Management of this 

 being the fame with Pears, I need 

 not repeat it. 



Some Perfbns alfo plant Apri- 

 cocks and Plumbs for Dwarfs, but 

 thcib feldom fucceed well, as be- 

 ing of a tender Conftitutionj and 

 X a thofe 



