202 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



manure should be returned lo the field 

 on which the beans grew, and not spread 

 on fields free from the disease.' 



SPRAYING 



"At the New Jersey Experiment Sta- 

 tion, Dr. Halsted has experimented for 

 a number of years with several spray 

 mixtures for the prevention of bean 

 blight. The Bordeaux mixture of the 

 strength recommended for the anthrac- 

 nose has been found to be very satisfac- 

 tory. • Probably a larger number of ap- 

 plications will be necessary for the bhght 

 than for the anthracnose. 



HKAN KUST 



"The true rust of beans is, Hke the 

 anthracnose, a fungus disease. It dif- 

 fers from the anthracnose, however, in 

 many important respects. The most 

 important difference from the grower's 

 point of view is that it is a much less 

 common and destructive disease. It 

 occurs only on the leaves of the bean, 

 rarely on the stems and pods. Except 

 in very severe cases, it does not materi- 

 ally injure the leaves. 



TREATMENT OF RUST 



"While this disease is not common 

 and is rarely destructive, jxt it is desir- 

 able that it should not become well es- 

 tablished on a farm. Under very favor- 

 able conditions it might become suffi- 

 ciently abundant materially to injure 

 the crop. Therefore, it is well to learn 

 to know it and so be able to stamp it 

 out whenever it appears. Since the 

 disease winters only in the diseased tops. 

 it is readily exterminated by burning all 

 diseased plants after the beans are har- 

 vested. When beans are sprayed for 

 anthracnose this disease will also be 

 controlled." 



MusKmelons 



W. G. Home, Clarkson, Ont. 



In a recent issue of The Horti- 

 culturist, Mr. Emory, of Aldershot, 

 complained of the shipping of green 

 melons to market. The Toronto melon 

 market has been almost killed through 

 the sending of melons that were hardly 

 fit for pigs to eat. To grow good 

 melons, the land must be rich, warm and 

 sandy. Cultivate well as long as growth 

 of the vines will permit; after that, 

 don't interfere with the vines. When 

 gathering the crop, avoid tramping on 

 the vines. The fresher the vines the 

 better the flavor of the fruit. 



Many people do not know when a 

 melon is ripe. When ripe, a crack will 

 form around the stem, which will cause 

 the melon to fall away when the stem 

 is touched. For long distance shipping, 

 melons may be pulled as soon as the 

 crack around the stem is visible. When 

 pulled then, however, a little of the 

 flavor is lost. Melons won't ripen off 

 the vines; they will turn yellow, but 

 tasteless. The favorite melon is the 

 Rocky Ford. 



Gro-win^ DutcK Set Onions 



J. "W. Rush. Humber Buy, Ont. 



THE plan I adopt for growing Dutch 

 set onions is as follows: I select a 

 very rich pieceof ground, that had 

 grown beets last season, as land suited 

 for early beets is suited for Dutch set 

 onions. Then I apply a light dressing 

 of well-rotted manure at the rate of 50 

 tons per acre. Plow this under seven 

 inches, then harrow with the Acme har- 

 row, which both levels and crushes the 

 soil into tilth and puts it in good shape 

 for planting. 



I mark out the rows 18 inches apart 

 and sow sage seed in the rows. Then I 

 plant the onion sets in a double row 

 one inch apart each way. Cover two 

 inches deep and tramp well. Two 

 weeks after planting the onions and 

 weeds will be showing nicely. Then 



I plow the ground and sow about June 

 20 long blood beets for winter. This 

 leaves the land ready for onions in the 

 spring. 



Ashes as a Fertilizer 



Prof. F. T. Shutt, M.A., Ottawa 



How much wood ashes should be applied at a 

 time on a vegetable garden ? How are they best 

 applied? — Market Gardener, Humber Bay. 



Fifty to 75 bushels of hardwood 

 ashes per acre constitutes a fair applica- 

 tion. Some market gardeners use more 

 than 100 bushels per acre, but before 

 using such a large quantity it should 

 be ascertained, by experiment on a 

 small area, if the return justifies the 

 expenditure. Much depends on the 



Dutch^ SettOnions as Grown near Toronto 



Where land is valuable and taxes high, as near a large city like Toronto, vegetable growers must practise 

 intensive methods in the growing of their crops. Every square foot of land must be kept buy every day during 

 the season of gro>yth There must be no idle loom. This illustration gives an idea of inter cropping and double 

 cropping, as Practised on the truck fa-m of Mr. J. W. Rush, Humber Bay. Ont. Spinach is shown and onions, and 

 in the rows with the onions sage is grown. 



take an iron rake and rake lightly 

 across the rows of onions; this takes 

 some of the soil off the top of the onions 

 and upsets the weeds. I have a pony 

 12 hands high, and a boy 12 years old, 

 and a harrow cultivator, and away they 

 go twice a week up and down the rows. 

 The result is shown in the accompany- 

 ing illustration. 



I planted 500 lbs. on half an acre this 

 spring and started bunching on May 

 24. I pull the largest three times a 

 week, and put 12 onions in a bunch, 

 selling at 40 cents per dozen bunches. 

 After the onions are sold, the sage is 

 nicely up, and if taken care of ought 

 to be a good crop. I have followed this 

 plan for many years. I also prepare 

 the land for spinach the same wav as 

 for onions. After the spinach is sold 



nature of the soil and its past history 

 as regards manures and crops. 



The ashes may be spread broadcast 

 on the plowed land in the spring and 

 well harrowed in. This will ensure 

 their thorough incorporation with the 

 soil before planting, and at the same 

 time leave the available plant food 

 within easy reach of the voung rootlets. 



Market gardeners can reap a hand- 

 some profit early in the season by selling 

 wholesale, but later on when the glut 

 comes it is better to retail from the 

 wagon. — H. E. Reid, Toronto. 



I change the ground for each crop 

 every year if possible. — Jas. Gibbard, 

 Doncaster, Ont. 



