NHtsoN] SIBERIAN AND ALASKAN GARMENTS 31 



The illustration (plate xiv) from a photograph taken of a party of 

 women and children from East Cape, Siberia, gives an idea of the gar- 

 ments described. The woman on the left wears one of the combination 

 garments with the fur side out, the one on the right having the gar- 

 ment turned with fur inward, and the two central figures wear the frock 

 in addition. 



Most of the garments worn by these people are made from the skins 

 of tame reindeer, although those of wild reindeer are used to a limited 

 extent. The handsomely mottled coats of the tame deer serve to render 

 some of the clothing rather ornamental in appearance. On St Lawrence 

 island and the Diomedes the skins of waterfowl are sometimes used 

 for making the outer frock-like garment for both men and women of 

 the poorer class. Their boots are usually of reindeer skin, generally 

 taken from the leg of the animal, with a sole of tanned sealskin. 



Crossing Bering strait to the American shore we find the garments 

 for men and women closely alike in general style over a wide area. 

 They are practically identical in i)attern northward to Point Bariow 

 and southward to the Yukon mouth, including King and Sledge islands. 



The garments worn by the men consist of a skin frock, which is put 

 on over the head and has a hood variously bordered by strips of skin. 

 These borders are made usually of an outer strip of wolfskin with the 

 long hairs standing out like a halo, as before described. Just within 

 this is sewed another belt or band of skin from the wolverine so tbat 

 the long outer hairs lie back against the wolfskin border, producing a 

 pleasing contrast. These halo like borders, when the hood is drawn 

 up, surround the face and give a picturesque appearance to the wearer 

 (plates IV, xiii/>, xvtt). The back of the hood is made usually pf several^ 

 pieces sewed in such a way as to take the form of the head. A gore 

 usually extends from the top of the shoulders at the base of the hood 

 down on each side of the chest, and is generally of white-hair skin 

 from the belly of the reindeer. The sleeves and lower border of this 

 garment are fringed with a narrow band of wolf or wolverine skin. 

 These garments may be made of the skins of wild or tame reindeer. 

 Parry's marmot, muskrats, mink, or waterfowl, such as cormorants, 

 anklets, murres, eider ducks, or loons, and in the region southward of 

 the Yukon month the skins of emperor and white-front geese are also 

 used for this purpose. One such garment is made from the skins of 

 scaup ducks, with the hood of Parry's marmot skins, and is bordered 

 around the bottom with a narrow fringe of wolfskin. On the lower 

 Yukon very i)oor people util^e even the skins of salmon for making 

 their frocks. ^>*'^ 



The trousers of the^en extend from the hips to the ankles and are 

 rather awkwardly made. They are fastened about the waist with a 

 drawstring in a loop of skin sewed along the border. A variety of 

 materials are used, including wild and tame reindeer, sealskin, dpgskin, 

 and white-bear skin. The trousers made from the skins of reindeer 

 are sometimes worn with the hair inward during cold weather or with 



