72 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING 8TRAIT [eth.ann.18 



Plate XXXII, 7, from St Lawrence island, is another type of tray made 

 from a broad, flat piece of spruce, which has a square groove cut across 

 inside of each end; a strip of wood is bent upward to meet the end 

 pieces, which are fitted into the grooves and held in place by means of 

 thin strips of whalebone sewed through holes in both edges. This is 

 a rude piece of work, showing none of the finish characteristic of speci- 

 mens from the American coast. It is the only tray of this kind that 

 was seen. 



Another style of utensil made in a similar manner to the trays, but 

 with the overlapping ends sewed in two parallel seams by means of 

 spruce roots, are the large tubs used for containing water, seal oil, 

 berries, and other food supplies. 



Specimen number 45495 is a tub of this kind from Ikogmut. Its sides 

 are IH inches high above the upper edge of the bottom, which is exca- 

 vated and of tray shape, with chamfered edges to fit into a groove around 

 the inner edge of the side. The outline of the utensil is an elongated 

 oval and measures twenty-two inches in length. Some tubs are larger 

 than this; others are smaller and serve for many uses in the domestic 

 economy of these people. One of the smaller sizes, from St Lawrence 

 island (plate xxxii, 1), 9 inches long, 2i inches deep, is the ordinary 

 style of urine tub used by the Eskimo throughout the coast and islands 

 visited. This with others of the same form obtained on St Lawrence 

 island, have the overlapping ends united by sewing thin strips of 

 whalebone through slit like holes made for the purpose. The buckets 

 used for carrying water are similar in form, the only ditterence being 

 that they are provided with a handle or bail. 



A specimen from St Lawrence island (number 03237) has a bail made 

 of a narrow, curved piece of bone cut from the jaw or rib of a whale and 

 fastened at each end by whalebone strips passed through holes pierced 

 in the edges of the bucket and in the ends of the handle. A small 

 bucket from Cape Vancouver (plate xxxii, 6) has the overlapping ends 

 of the sides fastened by means of two seams sewed with spruce roots. 

 The bail is a thin, narrow strip of reindeer antler, with a hole pierced 

 in each end; it is bent and sprung over the inwardly projecting ends 

 of two short bone j)egs which are inserted through the rim on each side. 



Plate xxxii, 4, from Kushunuk, is very similar to the preceding, 

 except that the curved handle has the holes in its ends fitted over a 

 round, slender rod of wood which extends across the top of the bucket, 

 piercing the rim on each side. » 



Figure 5 of the same plate, from Kaialigamut, has the handle made 

 from spruce roots, several turns of which are passed through holes 

 made for the purpose in the sides of the rim and then united by having 

 the end wound around the strands crossing the top of the bucket and 

 fastened at one side. From one side of the handle hangs a feather 

 attached by a sinew cord. 



