NELsoy] SNOW GOGGLES — KNIVES 171 



A pair of goggles (figure 10, plate lxiv) obtained at Port Clarence 

 by Doctor T. H. Bean, are made from three pieces of wood; both the 

 upper and lower pieces are grooved to admit the insertion of a fragment 

 of common window glass in each oval eyehole; they are lashed together 

 with whalebone cord passed through holes; a projecting visor over- 

 hangs the front; inside a bar of wood is lashed, which is notched on 

 each side over the eye to permit circulation of air. 



A clumsily made pair from the Diomede islands (figure 7, plate LXiv) 

 consist of two pieces of canvas sewed together; eyeholes are cut in the 

 middle of each, in which are inserted pieces of window glass; the can- 

 vas is backed by a rudely formed wooden framework, rather quadrate in 

 outline. These are the only goggles of this kind that were seen. 



Figure 10, plate lxiv, represents a pair of wooden goggles from Nor- 

 ton sound; they are notched for the nose, and project at the sides as 

 long, oval ends reaching to the temples; the tubular front has two large, 

 oval holes, and a strip of rawhide, rounded in front, is pegged to the 

 upper surface to form a visor. 



HUNTING AND SKINNING KNIVES 



The stone knives formerly in universal use among the Eskimo have 

 been almost entirely displaced by the ordinary butcher knives sold by 

 the traders. Some of these old-fashioned Hint knives were procured at 

 Hotham inlet, and were in actual use when obtained; they are illus- 

 trated in plate xlvii, figures 2, 3. They consist of leaf-shape, chipped 

 flint blades, set in short wooden handles split at the lower end to receive 

 the blade which is held in place by a wrapping of rawhide or sinew 

 cord, or (as in figure 3) by a lashing of willow root. 



From the northern end of Norton sound a beautiful knife (plate lxv, 3) 

 was obtained. The narrow, leaf shape blade of nephrite is 8^ inches in 

 length and 2^ inches wide at its broadest part, and is slightly convex 

 on one side; the other side is slightly grooved near each edge and has 

 a broad, slightly elevated, flat ridge running down the center to near the 

 point; it is double-edged and brought to a slightly rounded point. The 

 handle is of ivory, oval in cross section, 3^^ inches in length ; the blade is 

 set in a slot, the sides of which overlap about 2 inches, through which 

 ivory pegs are inserted to hold it in place. In the handle are seven 

 boles, through which a rawhide cord is wound and crossed to afford a 

 firm grip for the hand. The wooden sheath (plate lxv, 2) follows the 

 outline of the knife and extends halfway up the handle; it is in two 

 parts, which are fastened together by thin strips of whalebone passed 

 through holes in the edges. Across one side of the sheath, near the 

 butt, are two small, parallel grooves which form the private mark of the 

 owner. This specimen, from its large size and the beauty and regu- 

 larity of its finish, is probably unique. It was purchased at Nubviukh- 

 chugaluk from a Kaviak Eskimo who said that it had been an heirloom 

 in his family for many generations; although now of no practical utility 



