178 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT [eth.ann. 18 



horn guide from a tomcod rod. Figure 12, plate Lxviii, shows another 

 tip for a tomcod rod, from Sledge island. 



Another set of hooks and sinker from Hotham inlet are shown in 

 figure 5, plate lxix. The sinker is of greenish slate, with a rounded 

 ivory tip at the upper end, excavated to admit the pointed end of the 

 stone, which is riveted in place. There are two holes in the middle of 

 the stone, at right angles to each other, for the passage of the leaders. 

 Only a single pair of leaders are in place, the other set having been 

 lost. Figures 14 and 10, plate lxviii, illustrate forms of tomcod hooks, 

 obtained at Sfugunugumut, which are used also for catching smelts. 

 When tomcod' are abundant along the coast in autumn and spring, 

 smelts also are plentiful, and often are caught on the same hooks; but 

 in some localities special hooks are made for taking smelts, one of 

 ■which, from I^Tunivak island, is illustrated in figure 13, plate lxviii. 

 This has a straight ivory shank, largest near its lower end, in which a 

 recurved copper hook is set and held in place by a wooden plug. 



While fishing for tomcod, sculpin of several species are frequently 

 caught in shallow water. A number of hooks made especially for taking 

 these fish were obtained at Caj)e Nome. Sculpin hooks from the northern 

 shore of Xorton sound and from Bering strait are made from pieces of 

 stone and ivory, fitted together to form an oval shank (figure 21, plate 

 lxix). The surface of the stone is grooved to receive the ivory, which 

 forms the lower end, and is fastened by a lashing. The hook, either of 

 iron or copper, passes through the shank and the point is upturned in 

 front. The shank is ornamented with little tags of sinew cord at the 

 lower corners, to which are attached blue beads and the sheaths from 

 the bills of anklets. The stone chosen for these hooks varies consid- 

 erably, but is usually of some bright color. Sometimes the lower end 

 is made also of stone of another color instead of ivory, as in the speci- 

 men from Cape Nome, illustrated in figure 12, plate lxix, which is used 

 also as a grayling hook. 



A sculpin hook and sinker of dark-colored stone is represented in 

 figure 14, plate lxix. It was obtained at Cape Nome. The sinker 

 is i)ierced at the upper end for the attachment of the rawhide line; 

 to this upper end is fastened a finely braided sinew cord, having an 

 orange-yellow piece from an anklet's bill at its lower end. The other 

 end of the sinker has a white ivory cap fitted over it and held in place 

 by a wooden peg; in the lower end is a hole in which is a small seal- 

 skin band, to which are attached some pieces of skin from the legs of 

 birds, and below this extends a leader, terminating in a fiat-shank 

 hook. The leader is also ornamented with a blue bead and a piece from 

 the bill of an anklet. The shank of the hook is composed of three 

 pieces, the upper and lower of ivory, and the middle one of stone, 

 neatly fitted in grooves in the ivory and fastened by a lashing; a single- 

 IDoint copper barb is inserted through the shank and bent upward 

 in front. In the truncated base of the ivory of the shank are two 

 holes below the place where the hook is inserted, to which are hung 



