NELSON] SNUFF-TUBES FUNGUS-ASH BOXES 275 



A large ivory snuft-box from l!^ubviukhchugaluk (figure 23, plate 

 Lxxxvi) is neatly made from a liollowed-out cross section of a walrus 

 tusk. The top and the bottom are of wood and the surface is grooved 

 horizontally and vertically. 



SNUFF-TUBES 



For taking snuff from the boxes, tubes made from the hollow wing- 

 bones of geese and other water fowl are used ; they are truncated at 

 both ends, and vary in length from .3^ to oj inches. Frequently they 

 are attached to the cover of the snuff-box by a rawhide cord, but some- 

 times they are carried separately. They are in general use from the 

 Kuskokwim northward to Kotzebue sound, and the method of using 

 them is the same as previously described. 



The surface of these implements is sometimes plain, as in the speci- 

 men shown in plate xc, 1, from Cape Nome, which has merely a rude 

 groove around the middle for the attachment of a cord. 



Another tube (figure 2, plate xc) from Kushunuk, is also plain, and 

 has wound around it, near one end, several turns of a smooth rootlet, 

 the ends being tucked under to hold it in place. The specimen from 

 Anogogmut (figure 4, plate xc) is likewise plain, but its ends are slightly 

 reduced in size, and near the shoulder, around the tube, are three 

 parallel incised lines. 



A tube from the lower Yukon (figure 3, plate xc) has the ends 

 slightly reduced and the sides beveled to form eight faces. Another, 

 from Razbinsky (plate xc, 13), is encircled with smooth, parallel grooves 

 extending in a regular series from end to end, producing a scalloped 

 surface, the intervening ridges being neatly rounded. The specimen 

 from Cape Vancouver (plate xc, 14) is similar to this, but has an incised 

 groove around the top of each ridge. 



Another tube (figure 5, plate xc) from Askinuk, has two broad 

 grooves near each end, with three incised lines around the bordering 

 ridges. Another specimen from the same place (figure 15, plate xc) is 

 handsomely etched with lines, circles, dots, and cross patterns, and has 

 numerous tridentate marks representing the raven totem. 



The specimens illustrated in figures 6 and 12, plate xc, are from Chal- 

 itmut. 



Tubes variously ornamented with etched lines are shown in figure 

 11, from the lower Yukon; figure 9, from Konigunugumut; figure 10, 

 from Askinuk; figure 7, from the lower Yukon, and figure 8, from Cape 

 Vancouver. 



BOXES FOR FUNGUS ASHES 



For storing the wood fungus ashes, which are used with chewing 

 tobacco, small boxes are made; these are usually rather tubular in 

 shape and are made from a considerable variety of materials. Among 

 the large series obtained are specimens made from sections of reindeer 



