NELSON] PIPES 283 



than the preceding, with a tapering wooden stem on which is mounted 

 a neatly made copper bowl, with openwork patterns on the flaring rim, 

 and with shoulders for the cord by which it is attached to the stem. 

 Two narrow tablets are inserted on the lower side of the stem, and the 

 front end is excavated and the hole closed by a wooden plug; the mouth- 

 piece is of ivory, neatly made and fitted, into tJie wood, the joint beiiig 

 covered with a ferrule niade from a brass partridge shell.; ,' 



The pipe from Gape, Nome (figure 8, plate lxxxviij) is somewhat 

 similar in shape to the preceding and has a well-made copper bowl and 

 a wooden stem,, in which are two holes; through them a cord is passed 

 and wrapped around shoulders on the bowl, making two or three turns 

 on each side, the ends being fastened by tucking them under. lii the 

 front of the stem is a small wooden plug with a projecting end to 

 enable the owner to remove it with his teeth; a small tablet is also 

 fitted into a hole in the stem and i)rovided with a tag of sealskin to 

 facilitate its removal. The well-made mouthpiece of ivory is fitted into 

 the wood and the joint is wrapped with sinew cord. A small iron 

 picker is attached to the upper part. of the stem. by a string of bead« 

 about seven inches in length. 



A pipe from Port Clarence (figure 7, plate Lxxxviii) is very similar in 

 shape to the x^receding, but its bowl is made from soft stone lashed on 

 with sinew cord passed around the end of the stem. . The mouthpiece 

 consists of a small cartridge shell fitted into the wood, and Over the 

 joint is a copper thimble. 



Figure 10, plate lxxxviii, represents a pipe of the style generally in 

 use about Norton sound and southward to the lower Kuskokwiin. The 

 wooden stem is split lengthwise and the two parts are held togetterby 

 a continuous wrapping of sealskin cord, which serves also to hold the 

 leaden bowl in position on the stem. The bowl is neatly made,. with 

 openwork around the flaring rim. The mouthpiece is a copper car- 

 tridge shell fitted over the end of the stem. An iron picker is attaciied 

 to the stem by a band of beads made of six strings, separated by leather 

 spacers and fastened by the lashing on the stem. 



A pipe with a stem similar to the preceding (figure (J, plate lxxxviii} 

 is from Point Hope. A mouthpiece of walrus ivorj^ is fitted to the Stem 

 by a copper cartridge shell. The flaring rim of the bowl is made froii 

 bituminous coal lined with a thin sheet of iron, and is set directly oii 

 the stem without the usual neck-piece between. An iron piclver is 

 attached to the stem by a rawhide strap fastened with a sinew cord. 



At present pipe bowls generally are made of metal, copper and lead 

 being most in use, but formerly stone bowls, similar in shape, were 

 common, and a few specimens of these were obtained, principally from 

 the vicinity of Bering strait. 



Figure 12, plate lxxxviii, represents one of these bowls, made of 

 hard, olive-gray stone. It was obtained at Nubviukhchugaluk. 



A bowl made of walrus ivory (figure 14, lxxxviii) was dug from the 



