398 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT [eih.ann.18 



inch by wooden pegs, is a hoop of splints. The interior of the mask is 

 roughly excavated, with a projecting lug on each side to prevent it 

 from slipping sidewise on the face, while below another lug serves as 

 a chin rest for the wearer. The general surface of the front of the mask 

 is painted a dull blue, coarsely spotted with white; the eyes have white 

 pupils and red irides; the beak of the bird is red, obliquely striped with 

 white, and the sides of its mouth are painted red. The face of the mua 

 is white, the interior of the nostrils red, each having four black, ray-like 

 lines drawn from its border about an inch upward on the side of the 

 face. 



Plate XCV16, from Cape Eomanzof, south of the Yukon mouth, is a 

 very largie mask about 30 inches high by 10 inches wide. It is broadly 

 oval below and tapers up into a long projection or neck above, which 

 is formed of a separate piece lifted upon the body of the mask with 

 three pegs, inserted from behind, attaching a projecting shoulder to 

 the main part. On the extreme upper tip is a small figure of a human 

 head. Surrounding the mask on all sides, and held at a short distance 

 from it by lashings of willow root, is a hoop made of two thin, narrow 

 splints. A series of split pegs around the border holds in position a 

 narrow strip of reindeer skin, bearing long, upstanding hair.s, which 

 reaches up a little over half way on the neck or handle-like projection, 

 and there its ends are inserted in the wood. 



The lower portion or body of the mask represents two faces. Tlie 

 lower, which is much the larger and occupies at least two-thirds of the 

 entire surface, is a grotesque semihuman face, having a huge, crescentic 

 mouth with upturned corners. There are two large, round nostrils in a 

 broadj spreading, rounded nose, and two crescentic eyes with upturned 

 corners, over which hang the broad, heavy eyebrows, which project an 

 inch and a half and sweep down with a crescentic curve over each eye, 

 meeting at an angle on the base of the nose two inches above their 

 lower border. The upper portion of the mask is occupied by the 

 rounded face of some animal, apparently intended to represent a seal, 

 which has a bulging brow and rounded, flat nose with nostrils deeply 

 incised, and a wide, oval mouth, with four square teeth cut in relief on 

 the lower jaw. The eyes are rounded and pierced, with a notch extend- 

 ing downward at the inner corner. The chin of this face rests on the 

 forehead of the huge lower one. The handle like projection extends 

 upward from the top of the last-described head, and is over 12 inches 

 high; it is flat behind, but rather oval on the sides, and has along its 

 front a deej), rounded groove extending the entire length to the head 

 at the top; along each side is a row of wooden pegs to represent teetli. 

 The head capping this projection is about 2J inches high and 2 inches 

 broad, representing ordinary human features; it is surrounded on the 

 edges by a groove in which is a band of reindeer skin with the hair 

 projecting like a halo. The large lower face is mainly white, the 

 mouth is red; the line about the upper lip, representing a mustache, is 



