General Introduction 29 



passed into the care of Goebel, while Sachs himself re- wrote 

 the second, publishing it in the form of the Vorlesungen 

 iiber Pflanzenphysiologie in 1882. 



Goebel's volume appeared in 1882 and was followed by 

 his independent works on Organography in and after 1897. 



Another of the most distinguished of the pupils of Sachs 

 became his rival, and in a sense his successor, as an expo- 

 nent of physiology. This was Pfeffer, who while professor 

 at Tubingen brought out in 1880 the first edition of his 

 Pflanzenphysiologie. Though he took perhaps a more 

 mechanical view of things than Sachs, his textbook was 

 a work of great learning, and exercised a very important 

 influence on current thought. A second edition revised 

 and enlarged appeared in 1897. 



Another important volume which appeared in 1880, 

 1882, and 1884 was Schenk's great textbook, the Handbuch 

 der Botanik, in the production of which most of the leading 

 botanists in Germany collaborated. 



A second edition of De Bary's great work on the Fungi 

 appeared in 1884. It was almost a new treatise, though 

 based upon the book of 1866. 



Besides the works of De Bary on the Fungi, the literature 

 of these plants was greatly extended by the numerous 

 memoirs and writings of Brefeld, which extended over the 

 years 1872 to 1884. These, which were altogether admir- 

 able, covered nearly all the families of the group, and 

 elucidated with great completeness the life-histories of 

 many forms. 



As a result of his work on the group, Brefeld put forward 

 a new scheme of classification for the Fungi, in which, while 

 he recognized the chief families of De Bary he arranged 

 them differently, seeking to finally settle their affinities. 

 Though a certain success attended his efforts his classifica- 

 tion did not displace De Bary's. Indeed, sufficient data 

 were not forthcoming. 



