38 A History of Botany, 1860-1900 



he was co-operating with his father in the production of the 

 Prodromus, the editorship of which passed into his hands 

 at his father's death in 1841. He was occupied with it 

 subsequently for a period of more than fifty years. Among 

 his own contributions to it were the monographs on the Cam- 

 panulaceae, Myrsinaceae, Apocynaceae, Begoniaceae, and 

 Cupuliferae, besides several other orders, genera, and species. 

 The monograph on the Cupuliferae was especially remark- 

 able, containing some very fine work on the oaks, a subject 

 that had never till then been properly treated. De Candolle 

 wrote several less technical, more philosophical works, the 

 greatest of which was his Ge'ographie botanique raisonne'e, 

 conspicuous for its search for general principles and laws, 

 and containing exhaustive chapters on the influence of heat 

 and light on the development of individual species and on 

 the distribution of the higher groups of plants. He was 

 a most prolific writer ; the Royal Society's Catalogue con- 

 tains the titles of seventy-eight of his papers — not more, 

 however, than a quarter of what he wrote. 



During the years 1860-1900 Englishmen were called upon 

 to part with several of the most prominent taxonomists 

 that the country had seen. Not since the time of Ray and 

 Morison had such figures appeared among them as Lindley, 

 the two Hookers, and George Bentham. Of this group 

 Sir Joseph Hooker was the only survivor in 1900. His father, 

 Sir W. J. Hooker, who died in 1867, left a conspicuous mark 

 on English botany as an administrator. One of the most 

 successful directors of Kew Gardens, he was also distin- 

 guished by his writings, which included several floras and 

 descriptions of the botanical discoveries of several explora- 

 tion expeditions. In his younger days he had contributed 

 to the knowledge of the Bryophyta, his work on the Junger- 

 manniae and on the Mosses appearing in 1816 and 1817. 



Lindley died in the same year. It is to his efforts that we 

 in England owe very largely the development of the Natural 



