164 NATURAL niSTORY OF PLANTS. 



with the micropyles looking downwards and inwards. Tlie fruit is 

 a many-seeded berry,' but the most striking character of this genus is 

 its gamopetaloLis corolla, whose tube elongates as it grows older, and 

 whose limb, first spreading and afterwards reflexed, is divided either 

 into five quincuncial lobes, whose position with regard to the sepals 

 is the same as in Caiwlhi, or in six lobes, of which three are 

 external and three internal. C. fragraiis, the only species known, is a 

 small tree with alternate exstipulate aromatic leaves, which as yet has 

 only been observed in the north of Madagascar. It may be defined 

 as a Canella, with solitary axillary sessile flowers and a gamopetalous 

 corolla. 



Having ascertained and discussed the characters of the eleven 

 genera that we retain in this order, let us now see how each in suc- 

 cession has come to be placed in it. B. de Jussied^ had ranked in 

 his Tilia the Ma^noliacea properly so called — i.e., the genera Lirio- 

 dendrum and Magnolia, lllicium alone was placed among his Anona. 

 Adanson,' far more logical, included in one and the same order the 

 Anona, the genera lUiciinn (under the n-^ime o{ Ski mnii). Magnolia, 

 Chawpaca {Michdia), and Tulipifera. As we also find DiUenia and 

 Menispermum in this family, it is evident that this genius left nothing 

 of the true affinities of Magnoliacece to be discovered by modern 

 botanists. A. L. de Jussieu^ had simply to divide the Anonacra of 

 Adanson into two nearly equal parts : he separated Anona and several 

 nearly allied genera to constitute his order Anonce, and left aa true 

 Magnoliacece the genera Drimys, lllicium, Michelia, Magnolia, Talauma, 

 and Liriodcndrum. Unfortunately, to these he added Euryandra 

 {Tetracera) and Mayna, and also Billenia, Curat elln, Ovhna, and 

 Quassia, as "genera aj/inia." Still, thenceforward four of the 

 genera which we retain as distinct in Magnoliacece were united into 

 one group. Canella was placed among the Melia. The genus 

 Schizandra, taken by Blume' as the type of a separate order, AV///r«//- 

 dracecn, retained as distinct by authors until 18()2,^ was then referred 



• Tlio Modji are Mirroiiiuled with tlio name * Fam. den Plant., ii. Sfik 



■on of'puip u« that whicli is ho uhuTuhuit in Cut- * Gen., 28l), urdo \\. 



namodendrun. 'I'hcy aro prohably of simihir * Bijdraj. (1825), 21. 



•tructiire U) thowj of Can/'/Za, but have not v.-t « KxDL., Gen., 835. — Mkibkku, 0*n., 5.- 



been Btudiod when quit** riiw. Lindl., Veget. Kingd., 305. 



' Ex A. L. JuSB., Gen., Ixviii. 



