MAGN0LIACE2E. 177 



namely, AI. Bohtopa Bqcii.,' montana Bl.," excdsa Wall./ Klsopa 

 BucH., Tsjampaca L., longifolia Bl., (fee," enjoy the same reputation, 

 but are much less used. 



The Tulip tree is, like the Magnolia, a very fine ornamental tree, 

 often planted in our gardens and parks. Its wood is by no means 

 useless. " White, and very light, it is well suited for turning ; it is 

 easily cut without being soft, woody without being stringy ; it has 

 a very agreeable colour, and takes a fine polish. In America it is 

 used for making battens, planks, beams, tables, Venetian blinds,"* 

 and other articles.^ The savages hollow out the trunk into 

 pirogues and canoes of a single piece. This tree is also prized for 

 shipbuilding, as it is said that its wood is incorruptible, and that 

 ship worms and sea weeds do not attach themselves to it. The bark 

 of the stem is of lax fibrous texture, bitter, and aromatic,^ con- 

 sidered a tonic antiperiodic in the United States ; all the virtues 

 of Cincliona have been attributed to it in the treatment of inter- 

 mittent fever.^ Gout, rheumatism, dysentery, phthisis, hysteria,^ and 

 certain diseases of the hair'" have, it is said, been successfully treated 

 by the bark. The root, vulgarly called y?//ow woocKYy., boisjaifne), 

 has nearly the same properties. From it is prepared an agreeable 

 liquor ; and the Canadians use it to correct the bitterness of spruce- 

 beer, and to give it a lemon flavour. It has been affirmed that the 



' This species is ehiefly prized for its scented non-alkaline, non-nitrogenized bitter substance 



wood, used for building houses in Nepaul. that appi-ars to bear some relations to Salicine. 



- The Tsjanvpacca Chiinnung, or Qelatrang of Dr. Emmet was the first to obtain this substance 



the Japanese. Its aromatic bark has been com- {Journ. of Phil. Co?. o/"P^«r;», iii. 5), inodorous 



pared to Casca/rilla for its properties, hut is less at 40° F., fusible at 180°, and volatile at 290° 



bitter. which he considers analogous to camphor. 



^ Or Champa of Nepaul, a very aromatic Pekeiea states {op. cit., 677) that the abuse of 



species. Tulip- tree Bark may injure the alimentary canal, 



■* RoSENTH., op. cit., 596. According to several authors, what has been 



* CiTBiERES, Mem. sur le Tulipier (1803). termed liriodeiidriue is simply piperine (see 



This tree was introduced into France in 1732 by Kosentii., op. cit., 597). 



Admiral de ia GalissonniJiee. Lirioden- ^ Micrat & de Lens [Diet. Mat. Med., iv. 



dron acutilobum MiCHX., ohtnsilobum Micux., 130) relate the diflerent cures observed by several 



integrifolium Hort., are only forms of L. celebrated physicians. The memoir of Hildex- 



Tulipifera L., or procernm Salisb. brand on the Tulip-tree is entitled " Essai sur 



® DuCH., Hepert., 177: "Shingles, coach «» nouveau snccedane dii Quinquina" {Ann. 



panels, trunks .... wooden basins, horse- Chim., Ixxvi. 201). 

 troughs, bars for fences." » Barton says : — " In the whole Materia 



' Its odour recalls that of the citron. Ac- Medica there is no better cure for hysteria than 



cording to Teomsdorff & Caeminati {Ann. Tulip-tree Bark, together with a little lauda- 



Chim., Ixxx. 215), it contains tannin and bitter num." Bigelow (3Ied. Hot., ii. t. 31) also 



gummy principles. From it, says Gfibouet points out the medicinal virtues of the Tulip-tree. 

 (Hist. Nat. des Drag. Simpl., e'd. 4, iii. 678), >» Called the lots iu Virginia. 



has been extracted liriodendrine, a crystalline, 



VOL. I. N 



