MAGNOLIAOEJ^. 183 



minutely apiculate, vernation reclinate ; stipules lateral valvate 

 flowers solitary terminal [North America). See p. 139. 



II. SCHIZANDREiE. 



3. Schizandra Michx. — Flowers unisexual. — Male flower. Pe- 

 rianth oo-partite; leaves dissimilar, gradually changing from the 

 outermost very small to the inner ones larger petaloid, inserted in a 

 spiral, imbricate, caducous. Stamens oo in a spiral ; filaments free or 

 monadelphous only at the very base, linear or variably thickened and 

 dilated at the apex; anther cells introrse or lateral, more rarely 

 subextrorse, adnate, parallel or more or less diverging and oblique, 

 dehiscing longitudinally. — Female flower. Perianth of male flower. 

 Carpels oc, free in a spiral ; ovary 2-, more rarely 3 -ovulate ; ovules 

 pendulous, micropyle extrorse superior ; inner angle of ovary pro- 

 duced into a style winged and decurrent at the base ; apex dilated 

 stigmatiferous. Fruit multiple ; common receptacle finally shortly 

 capitate {Kacktira) or much elongated, spike-like, {Emchizandrd) ; 

 carpels baccate, pulpy within, 1, 2-seeded. Seeds reniform albu- 

 minous; embryo minute subapical. — Shrubs, usually climbing or 

 sarmentose ; leaves alternate exstipulate, often with pellucid dots. 

 Flowers axillary, solitar}^ or few cymose {North America, trojAcal 

 and eastern Asia). See p. 141. 



III. ILLICIEiE. 



4. Illlcium L. — Perianth oo-nierous, leaves imbricate in a 

 spiral of oo turns, all subsimilar or the outermost broader and shorter 

 discoloured. Stamens go, pseudo-verticillate ; filaments rather 

 thick strapshaped, or [Cymhostemon) much thickened at apex, sub- 

 cymbiform; anthers introrse 2-celled. Carpels co free pseudo- 

 verticillate around apex of receptacle, tapering upwards into a 

 recurved style stigmatiferous internally at apex ; ovule solitary 

 ascending inserted at base of ventral angle; micropyle extrorse 

 inferior. Fruit 6- oo -follicular ; follicles pseudo-verticillate thick 

 woody dehiscing by inner edge, 1 -seeded. Seed glabrous. — Small 

 evergreen trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate exstipulate, with 

 pellucid dots ; flowers terminal {Ci/mbostemon) ov axillary near the 



