BOSACEJE. 431 



nearly always solitary. Style gynobasic. Ovules geminate collateral, 

 ascending, micropyle inferior, looking towards the insertion of style. 

 Stem woody. Leaves simple.' 



Affinities. — Many authors have pointed out the relations of the 

 Eosacees to those Polycarpica near which we now place them. The 

 Calycanthea have even been placed in the order Rosacece, and we know 

 how close are their affinities with MagnoliacecB, especially with Illiciece, 

 from which they only differ in the form of the receptacle. Now as 

 the receptacle is altogether that of the Roses, the only character 

 separating Calycantliece from Bosacece, is the arrangement of the pieces 

 of the androceum, spiral in the former, verticillate in the latter. 

 But this difficulty is really of the less fundamental importance, as in 

 Bammculace<B we have seen genera with curviseriate, and others with 

 verticillate stamens, united in one and the same order. This last 

 order has been violently removed from Rosacea by an over-strict 

 application of A. L. de Jussieu's principles as regards the value of 

 the insertion, the direct consequence of the configuration of the 

 receptacle. The Rosacece once relegated in Rerigynce, far from the 

 hypogynous orders of which Ranuncidacece are the commonest type, 

 people naturally overlooked the striking identity of all the other 

 parts which leads the vulgar instinctively to put white or yellow 

 flowered Crowfoots [Boufons-d' argent or cTor) in the same category with 

 Potentils, whose flowers are of the same colour. No doubt hypogyny 

 gives a distinct general character to Ranunculacea, just as perigyny 

 does to Rosacece ; but we must bear in mind that the perigyny is 

 nearly lost in Stylobasium, as in many of the Fragariece, while on 

 the other side there are Ranunculacece with a slightly perigynous 



1 It is impossible to make any general study (1841), Suppl., ii. t. 25), Eosa (Metex, An. 

 of the anatomical structure of the Eosacece. Und. Phys. d. Gew. (1836), t. iii. 11). — See also 

 Some of the trees of this order are of the num- Oliver, The Struct, of the Stem in Dicot., 12. 

 ber of those which have served to establish the The Chrysohalanece have been little studied 

 generally admitted type of the ordinary struc- from a histological point of view (see H. Mohl., 

 ture of the stem in Dicotyledons. Such are Bot. Zeit. {\9>Q\), 211, and Wicke, 97). It is 

 especially the genera Prunus and Pyrus (Mieb., uncertain whether the singular plant called 

 Mem. Mus., xvi. (1828), 29, 30 ; — Link., Icon. Canto or Canta, from the Antilles, studied by 

 Sel., i&sc, i. vi. 1-3; viii. 3-5;— H. Mohl., Ckuegee (5o<. Ze«Y. (1857), 281, 298), remark- 

 So^. Zeit. (1855), 879; — Schacht. Der Baum, able for its parenchyma intersected by bands of 

 195; — WiGAND, Uber die Organis. d. Pflanz., a peculiar cellular' tissue, and the deposits of 

 Pringhs. Jahrb., iii. 115), Eubus (KiES., cellular tissue in its stem, it is uncertain, we say, 

 Me'm. sur I' Org. des PI. (1814), t. 16;— whether this is really a Chrysobalanad. 

 SCHTJLTZ (C. H.), Die CycL, Nov. Act., xviii. 



