AGE OF THE HORSE. 



77 



horse's teeth and cutting holes in the crown, and then putting a 

 red-hot iron in the holes to make black marks or false cups. 



No. 23. 



This is called " Bishopping," because the man who first prac- 

 tised this fraud was named Bishop. When this operation is per- 

 formed on a horse that is getting along in years, it might deceive 

 those that are not familiar with the formation and structure of 

 the teeth ; but, after a close investigation of the young and old 

 mouth, as shown by cuts 19 and 20, it will be impossible to deceive 

 the pupil. 



\ 



No. 24. 



These simple but practical rules can become understood tho 

 roughly by examining the mouths of different-aged horses. 



I would advise the pupil to first examine the mouths of horses 

 whose ages are well known to him, and compare with these in- 



