HORSE-SHOEINQ. 



205 



shoe. This insures a proper amount of space between the latter 

 and the soft horn at the margin of the pedal bone. 



In strong hoofs the shoe is almost entirely buried in the groove ; 

 but in those which have the soles flat or convex, with low heels, 

 it is not safe to imbed it so deeply. 



The application of the hot shoe in fitting should not extend 

 beyond a very few seconds. 



Fig. 20. Fig. 21. 



The shoe is nailed to the hoof in the ordinary manner (Fig. 22). 

 For saddle and light carriage-horses, I have usually found four 

 nails — two on each side — for each shoe sufficient. These should 

 be placed wide apart at the toe and rather close to the heel 

 (Fig. 23, a, b). Every nail must be driven in sound horn, other- 

 wise the shoe, being so narrow, may get the branch bent out, and 

 nothing more is needed than to lay the clenches down evenly on the 

 wall. No rasping is required. When the shoe is attached to the 

 foot, we then perceive that a portion of the sole and bars, and 

 the whole of the frog, meet the ground as in the unshod state 

 (Fig. 23). 



The great advantages of this method of shoeing consist in its 

 simplicity, when farriers have been made to understand it ; its- 



