\VKT-BIT.B THERMOMETER. 



This instrument, placed in the same screen with the dry-bulb and the maximum and minimum 

 thermometers, was road every two hours. Throughout the first year in winter quarters it did not work 

 at all satisfactorily, probably owing to the accumulation of too much ice on the bulb. Throughout the 

 second year, when I was careful to see that this accumulation did not take place, it worked much better. 



It was by no moans uncommon for the reading of the wet-bulb thermometer to be higher than that of the 

 dry bulb. The fact of the muslin being round the bulb, with a coating of ice on it, however thin, seems to 

 me to indieat.- that in any quick change of temperature, this instrument should necessarily be more 

 sluggish than where the bulb is free. On more than one occasion, when the temperatures were very low, 

 the mercurial dry bulb was observed to be frozen whilst the wet bulb was not. 



MAXIMUM THERMOMETER. 



This instrument was placed in the screen with the dry- and wet-bulb thermometers and with the 

 minimum thermometer, and was read and reset at 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. When the mercury was frozen, no 

 maximum temperature could be read, unless the temperature had been above the freezing-point of mercury 

 during the time of observation. At sea this instrument is liable to show incorrect readings through the 

 motion of the ship. 



MINIMUM THERMOMETER. 



This instrument was placed in the screen with the dry- and wet-bulb and maximum thermometers, and 

 was read every two hours and reset. When the temperature of the air was low enough to freeze the 

 mercurial thermometers, the present time reading as well as the minimum was read and entered in the 

 book. Also, as it was observed that there was a difference between the present time reading and the 

 mercurial dry-bulb readings, a series of observations was taken for a short time. No defect in either 

 thermometer was apparent. 



These instruments gave considerable trouble on account of the column breaking, and a large number of 

 them were broken in the vain attempts to restore them to working order. 



EADIATION THERMOMETERS. 

 Black and Bright Bulbs. 



These were placed on a stand at Hut Point, 5 feet above snow-level, and about 30 feet above sea-level 

 (fig. 3). They were read and reset at 8 p.m. daily. During our second year three thermometers were in 

 use, a large and small black bulb and a small bright bulb. During the winter these thermometers were 

 not kept in position, but were placed as soon as possible after the sun returned. 



RECORDING INSTRUMENTS. 



T/'niii><jmi>ltx. Two of these instruments were placed in screens on the Meteorological stand ; one was 

 with large dimensions, and the other with small dimensions on the scale. The disadvantages that belong 

 to this instrument are the same for all instruments of the same nature. The screens themselves are, of 

 course, not drift-tight, and gradually get absolutely full of hard-packed drift snow, which surrounds the 

 working part of the instrument and absolutely stops all working. Then, again, the drift gets inside and 

 around the clock, and on and over the pen : consequently, after a blizzard, it was necessary to clean the 

 instruments and get them into working order again. Time after time the record for the week has been 

 spoilt by the snow getting on the pen, and either causing a big thick line or else drying up the ink and 

 preventing it from marking altogether. 



Hygrograph. The same remarks apply to this instrument, of which we had two in use during the greater 

 part of the time. Another disadvantage of the Hygrograph is that snow, getting on the hairs, effectually 

 prevents any accuracy. In all these recording instruments the clock was found to give a great deal of 



