441 



The blizzard did not moderate until 3 p.m. on the 9th, the wind continuing from south-south-west, and 

 the barometer now rising. After that, although the breeze was light, the drift continued until 5 p.m., 

 when the smoke from Mount Erebus was seen to be "going to north-east and east." The barometer then 

 rose briskly and ut 8 a.m. had risen to 29 66 inches ; at the same time the thermometer marked 6 ' F. 



At the Winter Quarters of the German Expedition in the Antarctic during the three months November " Gams," November 

 to January, 1902-3, observations for pressure show a mean of 29 -293 inches, which is 0'112 inch lower 

 than the mean of the pressure observations taken at the Winter Quarters of the " Discovery " during the 

 four months' period November to February, 1902-3. 



The highest barometer reading in the three months, 29-800 inches, was recorded on the 24th November. 

 It is 0-312 inch lower than the highest barometer reading recorded by the British Expedition in the 

 November to February period, and relates to a date two days later. The lowest reading recorded during 

 the three months, 28-390 inches, observed on the 20th January, is 0-368 inch lower than the lowest at 

 the " Discovery's " Winter Quarters for the four months November to February, which was observed on the 

 23rd February. The range of pressure, 1 -410 inch, is 0'056 inch larger than the range of pressure which 

 obtained at the " Discovery's" Winter Quarters. 



The results of temperature observations at the German station give a mean of 26 -8 F. for the three 

 months, which is 8 -7 higher than the mean temperature at the British station during the same period. 

 The maximum temperature, 40 -8 F., registered on the 22nd December, is l"-8 higher than the maximum 

 temperature at the British station for the four months November to February, 1902-3; the minimum, 

 - 17 '7 F., registered on the 1st November, is 8 -2 lower than the lowest registered at the British station 

 in the Summer of 1902-3. The range of temperature, 58 -5, is 10 larger, for the three months' period, at 

 the German station than it is for the four months' period at the British. 



The average force of the wind at the German station, as estimated, was 2-8. On 21 clays during the 

 three months the wind rose to force 6 or 7, and on 8 of these days it attained to gale force. The direction 

 of the wind, mainly, was from between east by north and east by south. 26 -5 per cent, of the total wind 

 observations made in the three months under notice were of winds from east; 16 "2 per cent, of winds 

 from east by north ; 14-7 per cent, of winds from east by south ; and 8 per cent, were of calms. There 

 were 6 cloudless days, when the proportion of cloud to blue sky was less than 2, and 44 cloudy days, when 

 the said proportion was more than 8. On 51 days rain, snow, or snow drift was recorded. 



At Snow Hill, during the four summer months of November to February, 1902-3, the Swedish Swedish Expedition 

 Antarctic Expedition recorded observations for pressure at 8a.m. which give a mean of 29 -26 inches. ember *- February 

 The highest 8 a.m. reading, 29-85 inches, relates to the 2nd December, when a gentle breeze from north- 1902-3. 

 east was stirring; the lowest 8 a.m. reading, 28 '56 inches, was noted on the 14th February, and was 

 associated with a strong breeze from west-south-west a range of l - 29 inches. 



The mean temperature at 8 a.m. in these months is found to have risen from 7 1 F., the mean for 

 September and October, 1902, to 24 -7 F. The maximum temperature, 35 F., occurred on the 23rd 

 January, with a light breeze from south-south-west ; the minimum, 2 F., on the 1st November, with a 

 strong breeze from south-south-west. The range of the 8 a.m. temperatures was therefore 33. The 

 prevailing wind at 8 a.m. is found to have been south by east during these summer months ; the average 

 force, 2-3 ; the mean cloud amount, 8. Strong winds were noted on 14 occasions at 8 a.m.; no gales 

 were recorded at that hour. 



The information relating to the meteorology of the Weddell Sea and of Laurie Island, South Orkneys, Scottish National 



incorporated, by permission of the author, in this memoir, is summarised from the Reports contributed by Expedl , t o?'i' Feb " 



* riiivrv, 1 .)()(>. 



Mr. ROBERT C. MOSSMAN, F.R.S.E., the meteorologist of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, to 

 ' The Scottish Geographical Magazine,' Tables VII. and VIII. The valuable information thus obtained 

 has been supplemented by additional data, kindly supplied by Mr. MOSSMAN, whose generous assistance 

 in this matter is greatly appreciated. 



Mr. MOSSMAN states that, after leaving Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, in the S.Y. " Scotia," the edge 

 of the ice pack was reached on the 2nd February, 1903, in latitude 60 S. During the first half of 

 February the mean position of the "Scotia" was latitude 60 5' S., longitude 37 45' W. The mean of 

 the temperature observations recorded every hour during the first half of the month is found to be 



3 L 



