The Antarctic station, when- ,., ,| lilllll ,| , KJve wft y ( WM now )1||(1( . r |}|i . f|( || j(i 



UK- disturbance, an.I :i fresh Easterly gale was blowing there, l,,,t the *i,,,| mod, 

 this gale temperature appears to have changed vcrv little. 



Ol 



6th to 8th Frbnutry, liiOS. 



A diminution of pressure recorded at Kerguelen Inland and on board hhip* in the neighl- 

 island between the 6th and 8th February, 1903, which was acconi|>anied l,\ an increase of wind, WM 

 followed on the 9th by a diminution of pressure and a strong gale from Ka,!, in 65" 53' 8., 89' : 

 position in which the " Gauss " was situated. 



OthSr instances furnished by synchronous G.M.T. observation* could be cited to show how the gale* 

 experienced at Kaiser Wilhelm II. Land, during the sojourn there of the German Exploring EXJM-.I 

 frequently owed their origin to systems of low pressure travelling eastward, which had previously affected 

 the weather conditions of Korguelen nnd ships in tlio neighbourhood of the island, giving rue to strong 

 winds and gales in those localities. 



Studied in connexion with the more ample information in reference to the meteorology of the 

 during the same period, which is given in Part I. of this work, considerable light is thrown bv'theM 

 Charts upon problems relating to pressure distribution and wind cin illation in, and in the neighborhood 

 of, those localities in which the Winter Quarters of the British, German, Scottish, and Swcd 

 were situated. They afford additional examples which may be explained by the supposition that the 

 strong winds and gales from polar directions experienced by the "Discovery" Expedition in South 

 Victoria Land were accompanied by a decided rise of temperature, because they had their origin in lower 

 latitudes over the ocean. 



The train of low-pressure areas during their passage eastward in this part of the Southern Ocean 

 frequently follows a more southerly path after passing Cape Adair, the centres of the depressions striking 

 south-eastward and the areas of disturbance spreading over the Koss Sea. 



With a cyclonic depression dominating air circulation over, and in the vicinity of, the Koss Sea, . 

 are Northerly to North-easterly in the eastern segment of the system, seaward ; Easterly to South-ea 

 in the southern segment, over and immediately to the south of the ice barrier; and Southerly to South- 

 westerly in the western segment, following the trend of the mountain ranges. It is contended, therefore, 

 that the relative warmth of the winds having a southerly component in South Victoria Land may 

 reasonably be attributed to the place of origin in lower latitudes over the ocean, though the cold of 

 higher polar regions makes itself felt in the south-westerly segment of the cyclonic depression of that 

 region. 



The Weddett Sea Kegim. 



McMurdo Sound is situated nearly 400 miles south of North Cape, and west of the easternmost spur of 

 the Admiralty Range. It is, in consequence, sheltered to some extent from northerly winds by this range, 

 and by the east coast ranges, including Prince Albert Mountains, which afford shelter from north-westerly 

 winds also. 



Snow Hill, sheltered for the most part from between North-north-east and \Ve-t by the heights of 

 Joinville Island, which include Mount Percy, by those of Louis Philippe Land, and of Palmer I 

 from which rises Mount Haddington, is somewhat similarly situated as regards exposure to winds, so 

 that strong winds and gales from an equatorial quarter are rarely experienced there, while Southerly and 

 South-westerly winds prevail, and frequently attain to gale f<- 



Because the depressions which exercise the most influence upon the weather conditions of the South 

 Orkneys are those which move to the south-eastward after passing the 60th meridian, the average air 

 circulation in, and in the neighbourhood of, the Weddell Sea, accruing from a procession of these cyclones, 

 approximates to that which would obtain were an area of low pressure situated over that sea, occasioning 

 Northerly and North-westerly winds over the eastern side of the sea, Easterly on the southern side; 

 Southerly and South-westerly on the western, and Westerly on the northern side. 



