OCEAN TEMPEEATUSES 



367 



disturbed drift due to the wind would be 0.494 directed at an angle 

 of 45 to the right of the wind direction; this direction of drift is 

 nearly the same as that obtained from dead reckoning. If the same 

 wind velocity prevailed over the whole coastal belt, a correction to 

 the above estimate of the drift must be made (Ekman, 1906, p. 23). 

 The computation can be carried out graphically as follows (fig. 3). 

 Let OT be the direction of the wind, and OA represent in magnitude 

 and direction the "undisturbed drift" computed from equation (78). 

 If a circle is described through A tangent to OT, and a line AD is 

 drawn parallel to the coast then OD will represent in magnitude and 

 direction the corrected surface drift. In the case under consideration 

 the corrected estimate OD is twice the value of OA and makes an angle 

 of about 27 to the right (west) of the observed mean direction. 

 Therefore the component parallel to this observed direction is 

 (OD) cos 27 = 0.89(0Z>) = (0.89)2(0^4) = 1.78(0^4), 

 The results corresponding to various values of the wind (V) are 

 presented in the following list. 



Finally it is evident that the velocity of 0.78 miles per hour 

 deduced from surface temperatures agrees well with the estimates 

 made by the other methods. 



THE RELATION OF TEMPERATURE TO TIME, DEPTH AND RATE OP 

 VERTICAL FLOW IN THE INTERVAL FROM 40 TO 600 METERS 



Statement of assumptions and mathematical formulation of the 



problem. 



It has been found (p. 351) that the direct heating of the sea water by 

 the absorption of solar radiation is proportional to e~^ v where b l > .12 

 and y is the depth in meters. Hence at the depth exceeding 40 meters 

 this direct heating effect would be less than 1 per cent of that at the 

 surface. Also the temperature range at that depth would bear the 

 same proportion to that at the surface if the variation in rate of 

 gain of heat were due only to the variation in this rate of absorption. 



