374 MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES 



The differential equation being linear, this solution can be added to 

 the right-hand member of equation (115) giving the solution 



+ --^.'n at | Al Sin fa,* + b lV -^shl at~] 

 4-BjCOB ajf-f-ftjl/ -- sinaf 



D 



fa^ + ft a j/ ii^- si 



cosa^ + ft a j/ i- sin af (116) 



which reduces to equation (105) corresponding to a constant velocity 



(W T \ 



sin at 1 is small 



equation (116) can be transformed into the following approximate 

 form, retaining only the first powers of the small quantities. 





2a 



(cos (a aj btg) cos (a + a^ + ^y) J (B^ 



( sin (o + a^ + b,y) + sin (a a^ &,?/) J | (117) 



Numerical values of the constants in the solution, determined from 

 temperature observations in the Pacific near San Diego. 



It is well known that the waters of certain inshore regions, includ- 

 ing that off the west coast of North America, have a temperature 

 significantly below the normal for the latitude. Various explanations 

 of this phenomena off the California coast have been offered, but 

 (Holway, 1905, and McEwen, 1912, 1914, 1916) the only one so far 

 proposed that is consistent with all of the known facts is that of an 

 upward flow of cold water from lower levels. 



