386 



MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES 



TABLE 9 

 Vertical temperature gradients in degrees per meter at the depth of 600 meters. 



Table 9 shows the observed temperature gradient at the depth of 

 600 meters and at the approximate latitude 32 30', corresponding to 

 widely different positions between latitudes 30 S to 35 S and 30 N 

 to 35 N, and their average is probably a good approximation to the 

 normal gradient at 600 meters. The average of the 22 observations 

 in the Indian and Atlantic oceans (Schott, 1902, pp. 158-160) is 

 .0126 degrees per meter, and the average of the 31 observations in 

 the North Pacific (Makaroff, 1894, pp. 456^64) is .0179. The 

 theoretical result .0148 agrees well with these observations. 



The reduction of the mean annual temperature at a given level y 

 for a given velocity w\ is proportional to Ce Xv (equation 133). that is, 

 the reduction is proportional to the difference between the tempera- 

 ture at the depth y and the constant D. Therefore the temperature 

 reduction corresponding to a given month is proportional to the differ- 

 ence between the temperature at that time and the same constant D. 

 That is, 



A 4" <t>t D <j>t D ri o 7 s 



\ T\ , T\ V - 1 - ' / 



