HOW IS HEAT PRODUCED? 



107 



Explain how the candle was lighted by the flint 

 and steel method. 



keep a fire burning we must not cool it too much. Heat 

 is transferred to the cold copper wire. This transfer of 

 heat from one place to another and from one body to 

 another will be discussed in our next problem. 



The Use of Tinder in Colonial Days. In colonial 

 days they caught sparks in tinder and produced fire in a 

 much more uncertain way than we do with our modern 

 matches. If you wish 

 to make tinder, get 

 some white cloth - 

 old sheeting or worn 

 handkerchief; cut sev- 

 eral pieces about five 

 inches square. Hold 

 each one separately 

 with a wire or tongs 

 and set on fire. As 



the flame begins to die down, lay the charred cloth 

 upon a smooth flat piece of tin or other metal and 

 quickly cover with another metal. This cools and pre- 

 vents the tinder from burning up. Lay two sheets of 

 tinder upon some tissue paper and strike a rough edge 

 of hard rock, such as flint or granite, against the sharp 

 edge of the rod of steel so that sparks will fall upon the 

 tinder. When a spark has ignited the tinder, gather up 

 the paper and fold up about the sides to make a ball 

 with a small opening, blow gently to increase the burning, 

 and when it smokes strongly, blow harder. If the paper 

 then bursts into flame, you will have had the experience 

 of making fire by a method that was common a little over 

 a hundred years ago. Our forefathers tried to keep a fire 

 but would sometimes go to the neighbors to " borrow" live 

 coals when their fire was all out. They kept tinder on 

 hand so that in case of emergency they could produce 

 fire by the " flint and steel" method, which is the method 



