The Natural History of Chautauqua 



8. The bed rock of this area belongs to the Upper Devonian system. 

 In the western portion of the uplands all outcrops show a bluish mud 

 shale, while in the eastern portion the shale is quite sandy and is 

 interbedded with thin layers of sandstone. 



9. The soils of the uplands are roughly spoken of as glacial in origin, 

 but the close conformity of the soil texture to the underlying rock of 

 the two sections would seem to indicate that, though mixed with bowl- 

 ders and a quantity of foreign material, the soils are still largely of 

 local origin. 



10. The Erie escarpment forms a divide between the St. Lawrence 

 and Mississippi drainage systems. The upland surface drainage shows 

 the effects of glaciation in numerous kettle-holes and marshy spots most 

 unfavorable for agriculture. The forelands are well drained. 



Adapted from U. S. Bureau Soils, Annual Report, 1901. 



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