FOUNTAINS. 71 



ensue. Generally it is desirable to keep the edging not more than 

 i ft. above the ground level ; but the coping may be made as high 

 as 3 ft., if arranged to be consonant with a particular design. On 

 the parterre in front of the Palace of Count Festetics at Keszthely, 

 in Hungary, the fountain basins are raised 3 ft. above the general 

 level, and from each basin radiate walks to similar stone basins made 

 to contain plants. The effect is good. The drawing (see Plan, 

 figs. C to H] presents examples of fountain basins in various styles. 

 The height to which a jet of water will rise depends on the 

 force derived from the pressure coming from a head of water placed 

 in a higher position, the vertical height of the surface of such supply 

 giving the measure of force to which the jet of water, if directly 

 connected with the supply, will rise ; but the height of the jet is also 

 ruled by the size and shape of the nozzle, etc. The height of a jet 

 is not so great as that of the head, owing to the resistance of the 

 air; and the difference between the head and the height to which 

 the jet rises, increases with the absolute height of the jet nearly 

 in the ratio of the square of the head, and diminishes with an 

 increase in the diameter nearly in the inverse ratio to the diameter 

 of the jet. For instance, with 80 ft. head, and with a jet of i in. 

 diameter, the loss would be about 10 ft., and the height of the jet 

 70 ft. ; but with a } in. jet the loss would be about 40 ft., and 

 thus the height attained 40 ft. Mr. T. Box is my authority for these 



statements, and he has worked out the following formula for the 



H 2 

 height of jets with different heads: #=-y-x '0125, in which H = the 



head on the jet in feet, ft the difference between the height of head and 

 height of jet, d the diameter of jet in eighths of an inch. Experiments 

 also show that with excessive heads an enormous loss takes place. 

 The quantity of water discharged will vary considerably with the 

 form of nozzle. Assuming this is of good form, it may be found by 

 the following rule (Box): G = \/H Xfl?x -24, in which H = the head 



