72 THE ART AND PRACTICE OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



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of water on the jet in feet, d the diameter in eighths of an inch, G the 

 gallons discharged per minute. Thus, with 80 ft. head and j in. jet, 

 the discharge is 8*58 gallons per minute ; with ^ in. jet, 34/3 ; and 

 with i in. jet, 137 gallons per minute. 



Not only do fountain basins admit of varied formation, but the 

 arrangement of the water display in elevation can be made to assume 

 ornamental forms. The water forms should accord with the art 

 character of the basin. A single jet can only fitly spring from a 

 circular or regular figure ; while a combination of jets requires to 

 rise from a surface the outline of which is not only accordant with, 

 but is calculated to set off the water figures. The author condemns 

 the practice of allowing jets to arise from a lake, unless, indeed, 

 that be in form of a basin. A lake should not be made to appear 

 as if it were artificial, whereas a fountain basin is essentially the 

 work of man. Moreover, there should be a distinct difference 

 between an artificial cascade and a natural waterfall. In the former 

 the water should be made in appearance to descend by steps, whereas 

 with the latter, it is a main object to make the water come falling 

 naturally over rock. A sandstone formation lends itself most easily 

 to the production of this effect, as the rockwork can be appropriately 

 stratified in beds of varying thickness and tint. The rock must not 

 look like a wall, but the elevation should be recessed ; pockets should 

 be left for ferns. A " fault " may be made in the strata ; and it is 

 well in constructing rockwork, to inspect and copy some natural 

 formation of the Kind. 



