io 2 THE ART AND PRACTICE OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



and arranging the new road into the estate as if this were the con- 

 tinuation of the main road ; or, if the road into the estate must be 

 at right angles to the main road, to flatten the corners somewhat 

 towards the principal direction. Should the estate lie somewhat 

 back from the main thoroughfare, it is well to treat the approach to 

 it, if it be through a narrow strip of ground, in a formal manner, 

 and not allow the erection of any small houses which may, perhaps, 

 be appropriate to the available space, but which may, by their small- 

 ness, convey an impression of littleness, deteriorating the effect of 

 the whole estate beyond. 



(<:). The roads themselves will vary with every site. Curved 

 roads are preferable to straight ones, because a building estate is 

 generally in the vicinity of a town, and used for residential purposes ; 

 therefore it is well to mark the difference between straight streets, 

 and the sweep of a neatly kept road, with its trees spreading over- 

 head, and hiding from view the number of houses, because by the 

 curve the houses are more easily hidden from each other, and a 

 sense of spaciousness is created. Generally, more frontage can thus 

 be obtained. The roads should have a main drain laid down the 

 centre of each, depending for its size on the length of road, the 

 gradient of it, and the number of houses of which it must take 

 the drainage. This drain is usually a pipe, with inlets provided at 

 requisite points, for the general house drainage and for the overflow 

 from the gully holes. The gradient should be easy and continuous. 

 After the requisite excavation has been made to acquire the right 

 gradient-level there should be laid a foundation of stone, brickbats, 

 chalk, or other hard and sound material, at least one foot thick, 

 and on this a layer of gravel or broken stone 4 in. thick. The 

 paths should be raised above the roadway, and have a foundation 

 layer of 9 in. in thickness, and on this 3 in. of gravel. There 

 should also be a granite or other hard stone kerb, and paved 



