THE CEREBRAL CORTEX 



Plate XLVIII. shows the existence of another type of cell found in the third layer of 

 the cortex, and first described by Martinotti (m). This variety of cell gives off an axis 

 cylinder from its apex which ascends toward the superficial layer 'of the cortex, a direction 

 exactly opposed to that of the neuraxon of the pyramidal cells. This axis cylinder gives off 

 collaterals which pass laterally into the adjacent substance. These cells have numerous 

 dendrites which come off from the lower part of the cell body and pass downward, dividing 

 and branching, and furnished with gemmules like the apical process of the pyramidal cell. 



The cell to the left of the plate is a glia cell. The numerous branches of such a cell 

 and its spider-like appearance are apparent. The broad black lines are capillaries. 



Plate XLIX. shows several cells of irregular type which are found in the third layer of 

 the cortex. They differ in shape from the pyramidal cells. They do not have an apical 

 process, but have numerous long, slender dendrites, and the neuraxon is not easily separated 

 from the dendrites. It is possible that these cells belong to Golgi's second type of cell 

 whose neuraxons divide and subdivide within the cortical layers (). 



