THE FROG. 11 



PLATE III. 



THE FEOG. THE BLOOD-VASCULAK SYSTEM. 

 (If necessary, this system can be readily injected. See Appendix D.) 



FIG. I. A dissection to show the large superficial veins. 



The skin covering the ventral surface was reflected on the left side and the pectoral 

 muscles in part removed, as indicated by their cut edges. Nat. size. 



FIG. II. The rnusculo-cutaneous vein in Rana esculenta. Nat. size. 



FIG. III. General dissection of the blood-vessels from the right side. 



The body-wall and arm of the right side were cut away, and the skin reflected. After 

 removal of the generative organs, the heart and liver were turned forwards, and sufficient of 

 the latter removed to show the whole course of the vena cava inferior and the hepatic veins. 

 The hind limb of the right side was retained, and the pelvic girdle h.g. removed, between 

 the cut ends indicated. This being done, the great veins of the head were dissected away, 

 in order to expose the aortic arches, x 2. 



FIG. IV. Dissection to show the anastomosis between the systemic (anterior- 

 abdominal) and portal venous systems. 



The parts are all drawn as they lay, the heart and hinder portion of the left lobe of the 

 liver Iv." having been turned forwards. x 1|. 



FIG. V. The arterial trunks, and their main branches, x li. 



FIG. VI. The venous trunks, and their main factors, x li. See Appendix E. 



FIG. VII. A somewhat diagrammatic rendering of Fig. III., representing the entire 

 vascular system as seen from the left side, with all the great capillary systems indicated. 

 The arrows follow the course taken by the blood in life. x 2. 



In all the figures of this plate, the vessels connected with the renal-portal system are 

 shaded darkly, the anterior abdominal vein included, while those carrying arterial blood are 

 left white. 



a. Femoro-sciatic anastomosis. au". Left auricle, 



a'. Abdominal-portal anastomosis. br. Brachial vessel.* 



ant.ab. Anterior-abdominal vein. c.c. Common-carotid artery. 



ao'. Eight aortic arch. c.gl. Carotid gland. 



ad' . Left aortic arch. 



au'. Right auricle. 



c.il. Common-iliac artery. 



ea. Coeliaco-mesenteric artery. 



The references marked thus * apply to both arteries and veins, as the case may be. 



