30 c, Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



The exsert and strongly incurved polyps are echinate, with about four principal 

 rows of lacerate and spinulose or thorny processes, arising from the larger ends 

 and >idrs of rudely club-shaped spicules, and projecting through the cortex 

 (see PI. V, figs. 1, la); more proximally the spicules are less clavate and less 

 foliate, \\iili smaller spinule-like projections especially from the outer side; 

 laterally the spicules are mostly coarsely warted spindles and narrow clubs. 

 Spicules are lacking on the incurved inner side. The tentacles are spiculose. 

 In sections the stalk has numerous canals, separated by thick walls. This 

 species has more recently been very fully described and illustrated by Kiikenthal, 

 and also by Thomson (op. cit., pp. 575-577, pi. ii, fig. 10, general; pi. IV, fig. 

 42, spicules) under the name Capnella rugosa. Thomson, in the same work 

 (pp. 580, 581, pi. iii, fig. 20, pi. IV, fig. 41, spicules), has described a very different 

 species under the name E. thyrsoidea V. It belongs, perhaps, to a different 

 genus, and does not have the clavate and foliated spicules in the polyp-walls, 

 so conspicuous in the former. It resembles rather some northern species of 

 Gersemia. 



From the above discussion it will be evident that the name Eunephthya 

 cannot be used legitimately for any of our northern genera or species. There- 

 fore I propose to restore Drifa Dan. with >D. hyalina D.=E. glomerata as the 

 type. 



The D. glomerata (PI. V, figs. 2, 2a), originally referred to Eunephthya 

 by me, does, however, resemble the type to a considerable extent, for it has 

 the distal polyp-spicules of the anthocodia mostly club-shaped with rough 

 somewhat foliated processes on the larger end, and in alcoholic specimens these 

 processes often project slightly from the surface, but these spicules are much 

 smaller and much less foliated than in the type. The polyps are also often 

 unequal-sided and turned inward, and spicules may, sometimes, be lacking on 

 the inner side, as in the type. The longitudinal canals in the stems are much 

 larger and separated by thinner walls. 



Drifa Danielssen (Type D. hyalina Dan.=Z>. glomerata V.). 



Drifa -f Nephthya + Gersemiopsis DANIELSSEN, op. cit., pp. 59, 64, 81, 99, 

 1887; Drifa type = E. glomerata. 



Eunephthya (pars) VEREILL, op. cit., 1869, p. 284 (not of Kiikenthal, Jungersen, 

 Thompson and others.) 



Paraspongodes (pars) KUKENTHAL. MAY, op. cit., 1898. 



Plate V; Figs. 2, 2a. Type: 



Polypidom, when full grown, variously branched or lobed, branches may 

 be much subdivided. Polyps small, prominent, not retractile, usually incurved, 

 often with few spicules on the inner or shorter side. Outer convex side 

 forms an anthocodia strengthened with numerous small rough spicules, largely 

 clubs, with the larger end more or less lobed and spinose, the smaller end acute 

 and warted; with these are warted spindles and other slender forms. They 

 are arranged in chevrons; spicules also occur in the aboral side of the tentacles 

 and a wreath of more or less transverse spicules at the base of the anthocodia. 

 Ccenenchyma nearly or quite lacking between the calicles. Cortex of stalk and 

 branches filled with small short roughly warted spindles, ellipsoids, with some 

 clubs and various other forms. 



Danielssen gives the meaning of Drifa as a snow-nymph or snowstorm. 



