Alcyonaria G 39 



into the firmer lower part or calicle, which then has a rounded top, with eight 

 convergent grooves. The full-grown calicles are usually at least twice higher 

 than broad, often more. The basal stolons and calicle walls are stiffened by 

 an abundance of rather large and long, acute, strongly spinulose spindles, closely 

 packed together in two or more layers; in the stolons they lie parallel, but near 

 the bases of the calicles they lie crossing each other in various directions. In 

 addition to these there are relatively few very small roundish or granule-like, 

 rough spicules scattered over and among the large spindles, and occasionally 

 small compound crosses also occur sparingly. The retractile region and tentacles 

 have eight double rows of small spicules. 



The soft part of the polyps when expanded is elongated, whitish, and 

 translucent, with spicules placed in chevrons. It is often constricted in the 

 middle. The tentacles are white, long and graceful, swollen at base. 



The type specimens were taken by us in Casco bay, 35 fathoms, and bay 

 of Fundy in 80 to 100 fathoms, 1870-1873. Dr. Whiteaves, dredged it south of 

 Anticosti island in 220 fathoms. It has subsequently been taken in a number 

 of places, at similar depths, off Maine and New Brunswick, and off Cape 

 Sable, Nova Scotia, in 80 fathoms, 1883 (" Albatross"). 



Several additions have been made to the Canadian Alcyonaria by T. Studer 

 in Resultats des Campagnes Sci., Albert 1, (Camp. Hirondelle, 1886-1887) 

 Fasc. XX, Alcyonaria, published in 1901. These were as follows: 



From off Newfoundland, in 1,267 meters. 

 Clavularia concreta Studer, p* 15, PL 1, figs. 1, 2. 

 Anthomastus agaricus Studer, p. 27, PL 1, figs. 6-9. 



Eunephthya racemosa Studer, p. 33, PL IV, figs. 1, 2. See above, p. 34a. 

 Acanthogorgia verrilli Studer, p. 44, PL IV, figs. 4-6. 



From 155 meters depth: 



Paraspongodes danielsseni Studer, p. 31, PL III, figs. 8, 9; pi. X, figs. 1, 3, 7. 

 See below, p. 48o. 



The Anthomastus agaricus seems to me to be only the young stages of 

 A. grandiflorus Ver. Eunephthya racemosa was placed under E.flavescens (Dan.) 

 by Molander; Paraspongodes danielsseni was united to Gersemia clavata (Dan.) by 

 Molander. 



Some additions have also been made to the fauna of the Newfoundland 

 Banks by A. R. Molander in "Northern and Arctic Invertebrates in the Collection 

 of the Swedish State Museum." 1 He records Gersemia uvceformis (May) from 

 66 meters, 1871, p. 54, pi. 1, fig. 1; pi. Ill, fig. 28; G. mirabilis (Dan.), p. 69, 

 pi. 1, fig. 10, from 290 meters; G. clavata Danielssen, from 164 meters, 1871, 

 with which he united G. danielsseni (Studer), pp. 56-60, pi. 1, figs. 2, 5, 8, pi. 

 Ill, fig. 29; G.fruticosa, pp. 60-69, pi. 1, figs. 6, 9, 11, 13, pi. Ill, figs. 30, 32; 

 Eunephthya flavescens (Dan. 1887), pp. 74-78, pi. 11, figs. 15, 17; 290 meters, 

 1871, and in this last species he includes E. racemosa Studer, and E. hyalina 

 (Dan.), E. sarsii May, and E. Candida (K. and D.). 



Professor C. C. Nutting, has recorded Stachyptilum quadridentatum Nutting, 

 from Juneau, Alaska, in the collection of the University of California. Proc. 

 U.S., Nat. Museum, Vol. XXXV, p. 709, 1909. 



1 Kungl. Svenska, Vetens.-Akad. Handlingar, Bd. 51, No. 11, VII, Alcyonacea. Stockholm, 1915. 



