102 G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



The column and basal expanse are smooth, with no epidermal coating; 

 tentacles are numerous, about 96, small and not very slender. Acontia were 

 not observed, but its general habit and internal structure are so much like some 

 of the Sagartiadse that it probably belongs to that family. It is possibly related 

 to Raphactis nitida Verrill or to R. abyssicola (Moseley). 



This has been found chiefly on large specimens of Paragorgia from the 

 Bank fisheries, Such specimens are generally dried, and so the Actinian is 

 spoiled. Specimens on the stalks of dead gorgonians in alcohol, formerly 

 described and figured by me as this species (op. cit., 1883, p. 48, pi. VI, fig. 9) 

 may be a distinct species. Its internal structure was not studied. 



Chondractinia Liitken. 



Chondractinia LUTKEN, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 

 p. 184, 1860. (Type C. digitata MULL.). HADDON, op. cit. p. 305, 1889. 

 McMuRRiCH, op. cit. p. 187, 1893. 



Actinauge (pars) VERRILL, op. cit., 1883. 



Column stout, firm, bearing on the greater part large, permanent, thick 

 verrucse or tubercles in more or less, evident longitudinal rows, and usually 

 more or less covered with an imperfect epidermal coating. Cinclidse indistinct; 

 submarginal zone softer, flexible, not bearing crests or ribs. Sphincter muscle 

 large, thick, mesoglceal; mesoglcea unusually thick and firm. Six primary 

 pairs of mesenteries strong, sterile. Two large siphonoglyphs. Tentacles 

 stout, without basal lobes. 



Chondractinia tuberculosa (Verrill). 



Actinauge nodosa var. tuberculosa VERRILL, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoology, vol. 

 XI, p. 53, pi. VI, fig. 7, 1883; Annual Report of Comm. of Fish and Fisheries 

 for 1883, p. 612, pi. V, fig. 20a, 1885. 



Chondractinia tuberculosa McMuRRiCH, op. cit., 1893, p. 187. WHITEAVES, op. 

 cit., p. 38, 1901. 



Plate XIX; Fig. 5. 



The body in this species is covered with remarkably large (5 to 10 mm. 

 broad), prominent, often hemispherical, firm tubercles, arranged irregularly 

 and not very numerous. The integument is very thick and firm, except on the 

 pink or red capitulum, below the tentacles, where it is softer, slightly longitudi- 

 nally ridged, or nearly smooth, and probably capable of secreting a phosphores- 

 cent mucous, as in A. verrillii. 



The lower tubercular part is usually covered with an adherent dirty brown 

 or mud-coloured epidermal secretion. When this coating is removed the colour 

 is usually light brown, flesh-colour, or pale red; the tubercles whitish. 



The tentacles are numerous, dull red or reddish brown, rather long, usually 

 not bulbous at the base nor much tapered. The sphincter muscle is large and 

 thick. 



The mesenteries are regularly hexamerous in the specimens dissected, and 

 very unequal. Six pairs are wide and perfect, and some may bear small gonads 

 near the base. Their longitudinal muscles are not very strongly developed, 

 being scarcely thicker than the plicated transverse ones. Those of the second 

 cycle are nearly as wide as the primaries in the lateral systems. All are muscular 

 and bear large gonads, Much narrower mesenteries of the third and fourth 

 cycles occur in all the systems and bear gonads. 



