110 G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



Tealiopsis Danielssen. 



Tealiopsis DANIELSSEN, op. cit., pp. 45-47, 1890. Type, T. polaris Dan. 

 Bunodes GOSSE, Trans. Linn. Soc., XXI, p. 274, 1855, (not of DANIELSSEN, 1890, 



nor of HERTWIG); name is preoccupied by Bunodes EICHWALD, 1853, for 



a fossil.] 



Bunodactis and Bunodella VERRILL, Amer. Journ. Science, vol. VII, pp. 42, 43, 



Jan., 1899. 

 Cribrina McMuRRicn, op. cit., 1893; and 1901, p. 17, (not of EHRENBERG, 1834, 



nor of HADDON, 1890). 



Column wall is muscular and flexible, furnished with longitudinal rows of 

 true, permanent, verruciform suckers, to which foreign bodies may adhere; 

 the rows may not reach the bane, distal ones are usually largest; tentacles hint*', 

 numerous, retractile, commonly with a terminal pore. Walls generally, if not 

 always, imperforate. No acontia. Sphincter muscle large, circumscribed or 

 cordiform, endodermal. Perfect mesenteries usually in 12 to 48 pairs, often 

 variable in the same species. 



Siphonoglyphs usually two, sometimes one or three or more, with cor- 

 responding pairs of directive mesenteries. 1 



All or most of the perfect mesenteries, except the directives, may bear 

 gonads; also most of the imperfect ones. 



The following species and others are*viviparous. The genus Tealiopsis 

 Dan. 2 is apparently equivalent to the typical Bunodes of Gosse and later 

 writers, and to Bunodactis Verrill. As Bunodes is clearly preoccupied, it must 

 be dropped. Tealiopsis is the next in order of priority and should be used. 

 The type (T. polaris Dan.). is well described and illustrated. It is regularly 

 verrucose and has 18 perfect mesenteries (See his PL 1, figs. 7, 8; PL VIII, 

 figs. 2, 3). It resembles T. stella^ but is more strongly verrucose, the lines of 

 verrucse reaching the base. Danielssen states that the walls are imperforate 

 and acontia are lacking, and that the musculature of the column wall is endo- 

 dermal. 



Tealiopsis will receive numerous species. Among those that seem to belong 

 here are T. verrucosa (Penn.); T.balli (Cocks); T.thallia Gosse; T. rigidus (And.); 

 T. sabelloides (And.); (all of Europe); T. inornata Ver., Hong Kong; T,japonica 

 Ver.; T. pluvia (Dray ton in Dana); T. stelloides, West Indies; T. manni Ver., 

 Hawaiian Is.; T. elegantissima (McMurrich, as Cribrina), Puget Sound; T. 

 bunodiformis (Hertwig.); T. octoradiata (Carlgren) and T. hermaphroditica 

 (Carlgren) as Bunodes, Antarctic. See also Clubb, op. cit., 1908, PL III, for figures. 



Prof. McMurrich (op. cit., 1901, 1902) has used the name Cribrina (ex 

 Ehrenberg, 1834) for this genus. I explained as early as 1864, that Cribrina 

 Ehr. is essentially a synonym of Cereus Oken, 1915. The more typical species 

 were the same in each. Ehrenberg did not fully describe his genus, but gave a 

 Latin diagnosis 3 and applied to it the vernacular name, " Sieb-anemone" (Sieve- 

 anemone), which is merely a translation of Cribrina, clearly referring to the 



1 See Dixon, G. Y. and A. F. on the variations found in Bunodes thaliia and B. verrucosa. Proc. Royal 

 Dublin Society, N. Ser., vol. VI, pp. 310-326, Plates IV, V, 1889. 



2 Carlgren (1902), according to McMurrich (1910, p. 78) has identified Danielssen's type with Stomphia 

 coccinea=S. carneola Ver. This cannot be correct, for the latter is a perfectly smooth species, with no 

 yerrucae, and its circular muscles are mesogloeal. It belongs to Paratidse. If Carlgren made an exam- 

 ination of the supposed type, labels must have been interchanged, Danielssen's figures are good. 



His general figure from life shows conspicuous rows of verruciform suckers as large as in T. stella, and 

 his figures of sections of the wall also show yerrucae. He described the verrucse and described the circular 

 muscles as endodermal, as also shown in his sections. His type seems closely related to T. stella. See 

 below and Plate XXX, fig. 1 for our Stomphia carneola. 



3 His diagnosis is as follows; "Poris lateralibus instructa (latere respirantia, tentaculis non perforatis)" 

 op. cit., p. 40. 





