112 c Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



Tealiopsis Stella Verrill. 



Bunodes stella VERRILL, l{rvi>i<m Polyps E. Coast U.S., Mem. Boston Soc., 

 Nat. Hist., vol. I, p. 16, Plate I, figs. 1-8 (old and young), 1864; Amer. 

 Naturalist, vol. II, p. 258. PARKER, Synopsis, Amer. Naturalist, Vol. 

 \\.\1\ ', p. 752, fig. 10 (after VERRILL). 



Bunodactis stella Verrill, Amer. Journ. Science, Vol. VII, p. 42, Jan., 1899. 

 Cribrina stella McMuRRiCH, Trans. Royal Soc. of Canada, IV, sect. 4, p. 76, PI. 



Ill, figs. 6, 7, 1910 (sections). WHITEAVES, Catal. Marine Invert. E. 



Canada, p. 39, 1901 /after McMurrich). 



Bunodes spectabilis VERRILL, Howgate Polar Exped., Bulletin U.S. Xat. Mu-. 

 No. 15, p. 152 (non Fabricus, 1780). 



Plate XX; Figs. 4-12. Plate XXVI; Figs. 1-6. Plate XXXI; Fig. 3. 



This species, when well grown, has about 120 rather long and large, smooth 

 tentacles, in about four or five cycles; ordinary medium sized specimens have 

 about 72, when about 25mm. in diameter. The body-wall is covered, except 

 near the base, with many longitudinal rows of prominent, adhesive, verruci- 

 form suckers, with longitudinal sulcations between the rows (PL XXVI, figs. 

 6, 6a) . Most of these suckers in preserved specimens are transversely elliptical, 

 with a central cavity and a raised crenulated margin. They vary in size ami 

 elevation in adjacent rows, and are often so crowded as to be nearly in contact, 

 but are separated by wrinkles. The marginal suckers or verrucas are generally 

 larger than the others and often swollen. While in the sea, fragments of debris or 

 grains of sand are usually held by the suckers, but in aquaria they are generally 

 soon discarded. 



The colour of the column is generally translucent olive-green, varying to 

 flesh-colour and to darker green. The disk is usually a lighter shade of the 

 same colours, and almost -always has six conspicuous radial lines of opaque 

 white, each line running to one of the inner primary tentacles; the lines running 

 from the two siphonoglyphs are the widest; the others are sometimes faint or 

 lacking; similar lines sometimes go to the tentacles of the second cycle. The 

 tentacles are generally of the same colour as the column, but paler and more 

 translucent ; they often have a crescent-shaped spot of opaque white on the 

 adoral side of the base, and a band of the same near the middle, and some- 

 times another between these, but the latter may be lacking on the two inner 

 cycles of tentacles. Inside of lips usually light orange. 



Large specimens in expansion may be 50 mm. high and about 30-40 mm. 

 in diameter of body. 



This, like many allied species, is viviparous. The young in various stages 

 of growth are to be found in considerable numbers in the body-cavity, below 

 the stomodseum, between the mesenteries, and sometimes in the tentacles and 

 stomodseum. When extruded they vary in size, but most are about 8 3 mm. in 

 diameter and have from 12 to 24 tentacles and then are well formed; some are 

 larger, up to 3 4mm. with as many as 36 tentacles, and when of that size often 

 have the radial white markings on the disk. (See PI. XX, figs. 8-11.) 



The larger specimens from Hudson Bay, 1920, contained eggs and well 

 developed young, some of which I have figured, and also an egg (fig 8a). 



The larger specimens may have five cycles of mesenteries, with more or less 

 of the sixth cycle. Those of the fourth and fifth cycles are fertile. Two or 

 more cycles of mesentries are perfect, with rather thin but wide longitudinal 

 muscles on the inner part. PI. XXXI, fig 3. Muscles of the tentacles are 

 ectodermal. The sphincter is large, well circumscribed or cordiform, short 

 ovate or nearly round in section, with the lamellae fine, much branched and 

 palmately arranged. (See PL XXVI, figs. 1, 2.) 



