Actinaria G 113 



Colonies of this species are sometimes found in large numbers, occupying 

 the cracks and crevices of ledges covered with alga at low tides, as at Eastport, 

 Maine, and Grand Manan island. In other places it occurs in sheltered tide 

 pools, buried to its tentacles in sand, as at Cape Elizabeth, Maine, where it 

 was first found; or sometimes under stones. 



The specimens from Hudson bay, taken in 1920 by F. Johansen, were 

 found in shallow water, buried in sand. All the adults contained young. They 

 comprised one specimen from a small island between Long island and Cape 

 Jones, August 31, and two specimens from the bay outside Richmond gulf, 

 August 19. 



I have examined many large specimens received from Cumberland gulf, 

 Penny harbour and Gravel beach, head of gulf, June 1, 1878, from the Howgate 

 Expedition to Baffin Island. It is a very local species on the northern coasts 

 of New England and the Bay of Fundy, but it seems to be common in arctic 

 waters. It has never been taken by us in deep water. It is essentially a littoral 

 and shallow water species. 



Professor McMurrich (1910) described young specimens from Passama- 

 quoddy bay, N.B., and gave figures of the sphincter muscle and a perfect 

 mesentery. The latter has a wide but not very thick longitudinal muscle on 

 the inner half. His figure of the sphincter is not very different from my own 

 figures from a Hudson bay specimen. (See PL XXVI, figs. 1, 2.). 



One Hudson bay specimen had a large amphipod crustacean in its stomach. 

 Another had a long, slender nematode parasite, about 25 mm. long, halfwav 

 through the basal membrane. 



Evactis Verrill. 



Evactis VERRILL, Trans. Conn. Acad. Science, Vol. I, part 2, p. 471, 1869. 

 Type, E. artemisia. 



Cribrina (pars) McMuRRiCH, op. cit., 1901, p. 17 (not of Ehrenberg). 



Urticinida3 having ectacmeous tentacles and the column wall perforated by 

 pores, capable of ejecting water, and bearing rows of notable verruciform 

 suckers. Internal structure similar to that of Tealiopsis. 



McMurrich (op. cit., 1901) united this genus to Tealiopsis (as Cribrina} 

 because he failed to find lateral pores in his badly contracted specimens. The 

 evidence that such pores exist and are of use seems conclusive. (See below.) 



Were we compelled to unite the two genera, the name Evactis would have 

 to be adopted for the whole, for it has priority over any other available name. 

 That course, however, seems to me to be entirely unwarranted. 



Evactis artemisia (Drayton) Verrill. 



Actinia artemisia DRAYTON, in Dana, Report U.S. Expl. Exped., Zoophytes, 

 p. 149, Atlas, PI. IV, fig. 38, 1846. 



Evactis artemisia VERRILL, op. cit., 1869, p. 471. 



Cribrina artemisia MCMURRICH, op. cit., 1901, p. 23, PL II, figs. 15, 16; PL III, 

 figs. 18-20 (structure). TORRE Y, op. cit., 1902, p. 390. 



This species was originally described from Discovery harbour, Puget sound, 

 where it was said to be abundant living buried in sand. The specimens seen by 

 me, 1861, were also from Puget sound, as were those described and figured with 

 structural details by McMurrich. Torrey records it from Sitka, Yakutat, Popof 

 island and Dutch harbour, Alaska, abundant. 



93438 



