TABLE OF CONTENTS 



PAGES 



idea, 48; Theory of specific constructive materials, 49; 

 Reserve food, 50; Carbohydrates, nitrogen-complexes and 

 moisture, 51; Relation of these materials to flowering of 

 plants, 52; Relation of leaf area to flowering, 53; Effect of 

 leaves on parts immediately surrounding them, 54; Horti- 

 cultural practices that influence fruit-bud formation, 55; 

 Cultural practices, 56; Pruning, 57; Ringing, 58; Stripping, 

 59; Bending, 60; Dwarfing, 61; Thinning, 62; Individual- 

 ity, 63; Climate, 64; Plants threatened by death, 65; Light, 

 66; Biennial bearing, 67. 



CHAPTER V 



Pruning 74-101 



Definition, 68; Objects of pruning, 69; Shape or form of 

 the tree, 70; The type of tree to be developed, 71; Obtain- 

 ing the ideal, 72; Fruiting system of the tree, 73; Effect of 

 pruning on size and development of trees, 74; Effect of 

 pruning on early bearing, 75; Effect of the unequal cut, 76; 

 Heading-back versus thinning-out, 77; Detailed response 

 of young trees, 78; Relation of pruning to nutrition, 79; 

 Theoretical considerations, 80; When to prune, 81; Prun- 

 ing at planting time, 82; Pruning young versus mature 

 trees, 83; Salient features in pruning mature trees, 84; 

 Renovation pruning, 85; Summer pruning, 86. 



CHAPTER VI 



'he Thinning of Fruit 102-123 



Definition, 87; History of thinning, 88; Philosophy of 

 thinning, 89; Fruit production exhaustive, 90; Dependence 

 of fruits on foliage immediately surrounding it, 91; Ob- 

 jects of thinning, 92; To increase the size of the fruit, 93; 

 Thinning to improve color, 94; Quality improved by 

 thinning, 95; Thinning to prevent breaking of limbs, 96; 

 Thinning to reduce disease and insect injury, 97; Thinning 

 to maintain the vigor of the trees, 98; Thinning to secure 

 more regular bearing, 99; Thinning to decrease the labor 

 of handling excessive crops of small fruit, 100; The effect 

 of thinning on the total crop, 101 ; When to thin, 102; The 

 June drop, 103; How to thin, 104; Distance to thin, 105; 

 Cost of thinning versus returns, 106; Thinning the peach, 

 107; Thinning the plum, 108; Thinning the pear, 109; 

 Thinning the grape, 110. 



