ORIGIN AND IMPROVEMENT OF FRUIT 325 



For cherries, Hedrick has searched the Uterature and 

 finds that httle is known in regard to their origin. The 

 histories of the varieties described in "The Cherries of New- 

 York" show that nearly all of them have come from chance 

 seedlings. No case is recorded of a variety known to have 

 come from self-fertilized seed. The seed parent is given for 

 sixty-one of 1145 varieties. The seed and pollen parents of 

 twenty of the cherries described are given. Of these, sixteen 

 are hybrids originating with N. E. Hansen, of South Dakota, 

 leaving but four sorts the parents of which were known before 

 the recent work of Hansen. Cherries arising from seed sown 

 without knowledge of either parent or from natural seedlings 

 are put down as chance seedlings. Of these there are 147. 

 The origin of 1064 of the varieties described by Hedrick is 

 unknown. 



In "The Peaches of New York," Hedrick describes 2181 

 varieties of peaches, no one of which is known to have come 

 from a self-fertilized seed. The seed parent is given for 214 

 varieties; the seed and pollen parents for 37 varieties. Of 

 chance seedlings, sorts from seed with neither parent known, 

 there are 161. The origin of 1765 out of a total of 2181 

 varieties described is unknown. 



287. Work in Canada.^ — The low winter temperatures 

 and the relatively short growing season in many parts of 

 Canada have made it necessary to secure varieties of fruits 

 which would be adapted to such climatic conditions. It, 

 therefore, devolved on the earlier workers in that countiy 

 either to introduce or to originate new varieties, as standard 

 commercial sorts were not sufficiently hardy. 



1 Macoun, W. T. The apple in Canada. Dom. Canada Dept. Agr. 

 Bull. 86. 1916. Apple breeding in Canada. Proc. Amer. Pom. Soc. 

 1917. pp. 11-27. Saunders, Win. Hardy apples for Canadian North- 

 west. Central Exp. Farms. Bull. 68. 1911. Macoun, W. T. Apple 

 breeding in Canada. Amer. Breed. Assoc, Vol. 8, 1911. pp. 479-487. 



