378 



INDEX 



Ripening period of fruits, 251 



process in pears, 16 

 Roberts, R. H., 72 

 Rogers, E. S., 336 

 Rogers' hybrids, 336 

 Root-killing, 260 

 Russell, E. J. mentioned, 132 

 Russian fruits, 323, 326 



Sachs, Julius Von, 52, 53 

 Sand for orchard soils, 126 

 Sandsten, E. P., quoted, 286, 288 

 Sap concentration, 265 

 Saunders, William, 326, 327 

 Scale axis, 43 

 Schizoneura lanigera, 347 

 Selection, methods of, 314 

 Self-fertility, defined, 297 

 Self-pollination, 292 

 Self-steriHty, defined, 297 



in grapes, inheritance of, 334 



of almond, 301 



of apple, 307 



of grape, 301 



of peach, 306 



of pear, 308 



of plum, 304 



of quince, 307 

 Sex in the grape, inheritance of, 



334 

 Sexual relation of plants, 282, 292 

 Shamel, A. D., 320, 322 

 Shape or form of the tree, 76 

 Sharp, Francis Peabody, 326 

 Shaw, J. K., 7, 348 



quoted, 8, 243 

 Shutt, F. T., 3 

 Size of fruit, 215 



for thinning, 115 



increased by thinning, 106 

 Sod culture, 143, 144 



mulch, 145 

 Soil classification, 125 



color, 134 



defined. 125 



Soil, for apple, 133 



for apple varieties, 140, 141 



for cherry, 133 



for peach, 130, 133, 



for peach varieties, 141 



for pear, 131, 133 



for plum, 133 



for Rhode Island Greening 

 apple, 140 



type and depth of freezing, 270 



type and hardiness, 270 

 Sorauer, P., 53 

 Sour soils, 136 



Sphceropsis jnalorurn, 97, 257 

 Sprengel, C. C, 282 

 Spring frosts, 222 

 Sterility, causes of, 299 



not constant, 299 



physiological causes of, 300 

 Stewart, J. P., 322 



mentioned, 181 



quoted, 175, 198 

 Stigmatic surface, 285 

 Stocks for grapes, 338 

 Stony soils for orchards, 133 

 Storage, defined, 356 



function of, 358 



history of, 356 



shrinkage of fruit in, 366 



temperature, 363 



type of package for, 365 

 Stripping trees, 67 

 Structure of apple leaves, 170 

 Subsoil, 127 

 Sugar-content of ripe fruit juices, 



6 

 Sugars in fruits, 5 

 Sulfate of ammonia, 188 

 Summer pruning, 99 

 Sun-scald, 260, 268 

 Sunshine, 224 



Temperature, 219, 230 

 mean summer, 244 

 of bare and tilled soil, 157 



