152 ORCHARD INSECTS 



attached to the branch. On poking about with a pin, however, 

 the searcher will tind a little web and soon is rewarded by find- 

 ing the little silk-lined tunnel and in it the little ' ' worm. ' ' 



As soon as the weather begins to warm up in the spring, and 

 the buds begin to break, this little fellow crawls out of his winter 

 quarters and establishes himself in the centre of the expanding 

 cluster of leaves and blossoms from some terminal bud. Here he 

 develops, feeding on the leaves and blossoms and drawing them 

 together in a rather compact bunch by fastening the ends together 

 with silk threads. 



Spraying. — Once the larva gets inside this cluster it is 

 perfectly safe. No amount of spraying can touch it, as it feeds 

 on the inside. The only time when it is feasible to attack this 

 enemy is when it goes from its winter quarters to the opening 

 buds and leaves. The larva eats its way into this cluster of 

 leaves, and if the trees can be sprayed just before it crawls from 

 winter quarters it can be poisoned. But the poison must be 

 strong. Five to ten pounds of arsenate of lead paste or half 

 that amount of the powder to fifty gallons of water will be none 

 too strong. And the spraying must be thorough; every bud- 

 cluster must be reached. 



The amount of damage which this insect does in some seasons 

 is very great, but the insect is so inconspicuous that its presence 

 is usually not even suspected. Practically the entire crop of 

 certain varieties is sometimes destroyed by the bud moth and 

 the loss attributed by the growers to unfavorable weather at 

 blossoming time. 



Canker Worm. — There are two types of canker worm, differ- 

 ing principally in the fact that in one case the eggs are laid in 

 the autumn and in the other case in the spring. In both types 

 the insect pupates in the soil and the wingless adult females crawl 

 up the trunk of the tree and deposit their eggs in clusters or 

 sheets upon the branches. Here they hatch about the time the 

 leaves are well expanded into small ''measuring-worms" and 

 begin feeding. 



Their presence can usually be detected by shaking the 

 branches of the trees, when each little "worm" will drop from 



