186 SPRAYING APPARATUS 



winter application of lime-sulfnr it is excellent. It is not 

 likely to clog, and can be adjusted to throw anything from a 

 solid stream to a fairly fine spray. (Fig. 85A). 



The disc type of nozzle is shown in Figure 855. This has been 

 on the market a relatively short time but is rapidly displacing the 

 other types for most kinds of spraying. It has three advantages : 

 First, it does not catch on the branches of the trees ; second, it 

 throws a relatively fine spray and lots of it ; and, third, it seldom 

 clogs. For most spraying the orchardist should choose this type 

 of nozzle. 



Fig. 86. — Long- and short-tailed hose couplings. The former are much to be preferred, as 

 they do not allow the hose to pull apart so easily. 



Spray Guns. The spray gun consists of a very short but heavy 

 brass rod, with usually a single, large disc nozzle. Its great 

 advantage is in the saving of time. With plenty of pressure 

 behind it (at least 250 pounds), and with careful workmen it will 

 give excellent results. Spray the centre of the tree first and then 

 the outside. And do not stand too close to the tree otherwise he 

 force with which the liquid is delivered is likely to bruise the 

 tissues of the leaves which may be followed by serious spraying 

 injury. One should also use hose not less than %-inch in 

 diameter. 



The Angle of Delivery. — Any nozzle, of whatever type, is 

 very much more efficient for most work if it delivers the spray 

 at an angle of 45° instead of straight ahead. Many nozzles are 

 made this way by the manufacturers, and others can be changed 

 into this type by introducing a small angle connection between 

 the nozzle and the extension rod. The advantage of the angle 



