SPECIALTIES IN FARMING. 831 



remunerative, as well as more pleasant. Heretofore, almost 

 every farmer was attempting to do a little at almost everything 

 connected with his business, and carrying nothing to so great a 

 degree of perfection. He has finally taken lessons from the profes- 

 sional man, the mechanic, the manufacturer, and other branches 

 of industry, and is making one prominent department lead, while 

 all others are subservient to this. The fruit-grower makes a 

 specialty of fruit, and we see his orchards and vineyards show- 

 ing evident marks of careful culture. He knows the best varie- 

 ties of fruit for his* location ; the best market, and the best 

 mode of getting his fruit to market. The market gardener 

 also knows the best soil and manure for the different varieties of 

 vegetables, tlie preparation of the soil, the proper time for 

 putting in the different seeds for early and late markets, the 

 care each must have, and the time and mode of getting his prod- 

 ucts to the best market. The professional man does not engage 

 in all the professions at the same time. The manufacturer of 

 cotton goods bends all his energies in that direction. He builds 

 his mills for this one purpose, supplies himself with machinery 

 for doing this work, and seeks for his best market for procuring 

 the raw material and selling the manufactured goods. The 

 woollen manufacturer does not trouble himself about others, but 

 is devoted to his particular branch. And so it is with all the 

 various trades. The blacksmith does not have a dry goods store 

 connected with his shop, or the shoe-maker carry on the gold- 

 smith's business ; but each one in his separate department 

 finds a greater success. So the farmer finds a greater success 

 when one branch leads, and all others succumb to that. I do 

 not mean, if the farmer gives his attention to dairying, he should 

 do nothing else, but that this should be his leading pursuit, and 

 should not be neglected for anything else. He may raise corn, 

 potatoes and vegetables, but all looking to the improvement in 

 his one particular branch. 



Having given some reasons why it would not be a wise policy 

 to abandon our agricultural interests, and having touclied at some 

 length on the division of labor, we turn more particularly to the 

 manner in which this should be done in order to make it most 

 remunerative. The first investment necessary is a good educa- 

 tion, — one that will tend to fit us more particularly for this 

 branch of industry. I have said that no man can be well fitted 



