84 SUPPLEMENT 



Sugar, 



Potassa and soda compounds, 

 Lime and magnesia, 

 Nitrogenous substance, . 

 Non-nitrogenous organic substan 

 ces, 



11.580 per cent. 

 0.441 " 

 1.191 " 

 0.791 " 



0.983 " 



Yield of Sugar. 

 According to the mode of operation pursued, more or less 

 sugar will be left with the cellular refuse mass. The residue 

 of the hydraulic press contains from 3.6 to 4.8 per cent of 

 sugar, or 0.76 per cent of the amount in the original sugar- 

 beet ; while Roberts' mode leaves but 0.1 to 0.2 per cent of 

 sugar. Between these figures lie the quantities of sugar left 

 by the application of other modes of operation. With the 

 removal of the juice begins consequently the loss of sugar, 

 which amounts during the whole operation for its final separa- 

 tion to about 3.5 per cent under a good management of exist- 

 ing methods. To set down losses which occur in a branch of 

 manufacture where peculiar skill so decidedly bears upon the 

 final results, is no doubt quite arbitrary ; but it is of interest 

 to notice where they usually occur, and to what degree they 

 affect the final results in many instances. The following state- 

 ment is presented as a fair one and may serve the purpose just 

 specified : — 



One hundred parts of sugar-beet roots, under fair manage- 

 ment, are liable to lose sugar as follows : 



In the pits by degeneration, 



By change into grape sugar, 



In process of filtration of the juice. 



In defecation and carbonization, 



In juice left in the press-cake, . 



Total loss, 3.65 " 



One hundred parts of sugar existing in the beet roots were, 

 in one case, accounted for in the following way at the close of 

 manufacture : — 



