SUPPLEMENT. 85 



Crystallized sugar, .... 62.4G per cent. 



Sugar left in the molasses, . . 14.75 " 



Lost during manufacture, . . 22.79 " 



Left in the press-cakes, . . . 1L48 " 



Eight per cent of sugar from the beet is at present assumed 

 to be tlie actual result of most factories with improved modes 

 of operation and superior sets of apparatus ; some factories 

 claim even more. The importance of an increase in tlie yield 

 of crystallized sugar may perhaps be best inferred from a case 

 reported by W. Crookes, F. R. S., in his late publication 

 on beet sugar manufacture with reference to England. Mr. 

 Baruchson, the beet-sugar manufacturer, is reported as stat- 

 ing that the factory cost ,£10,845 ; 150,000 pounds of sugar- 

 beet root has been worked per day for five months ; the ex- 

 penses for labor amounted per year to X5,190 ; the total 

 expenses per year had been .£13,980; the total receipts per 

 year were £20,470 ; the profits thus had amounted to <£ 6,490, 

 or 24.75 per cent on the first outlay ; 6.5 per cent of crystal- 

 lized sugar had been the result. He further states that one- 

 half per cent of increase of the yield of crystallized sugar 

 would be equal to 7.5 per cent additional profits ; eight per 

 cent of crystallized sugar from every 100 pounds of beet roots 

 worked, would thus insure a profit of 48 per cent. Accepting 

 this statement as correct, there is no doubt, but that the Eng- 

 lish beet sugar manufacture ought to prosper under their 

 present revenue law. In Germany, where eight per cent of 

 crystallized sugar is obtained, the yield per acre varies from 

 1,520 to 2,270 pounds of sugar. In France, where but six per 

 cent of sugar is obtained (Walkhoff), the yield is said to be 

 from 1,706 to 2,650 pounds per acre. The same authority 

 states that the average expenses in Germany for tlie production 

 of sugar per acre, taking the average yield of beet roots as 

 from 23,000 to 24,000 pounds, amount to from .|132 to $133, 

 of which the government takes in form of taxes from 145 to 

 $46 ; while in France, assuming the average yield of. beet roots 

 per acre to be from 36,000 to 37,000 pounds, and separating 

 114.4 pounds of sugar from every 2,200 pounds of beet roots, 

 the whole average expenses per acre for beet-sugar amounts to 

 from $161 to 1 162, of which the government draws for taxes 



