92 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



milk in that way. The farmers do not live a great way from 

 the ftictory, and it is rapidly taken in. 



Mr. Lewis. Don't they cool the morning's milk? 



Mr. Root. Never. 



Mr. Wetherell. I will give another fact : A man carries 

 milk four miles under a hot sun, before nine o'clock in the 

 morning, in the summer. He starts with the milk with the 

 animal heat in it, and with the night's milk that has been 

 cooled in the way I have stated. I have often said that, in the 

 first place, the cream that has separated in those cans never 

 can make a part of the cheese. It floats off with the whey ; 

 and in the second place, the milk carried there with the ani- 

 mal heat in it, never can make good cheese. 



Mr. Lewis. I would have the milk aerated always, to take 

 the animal heat out. 



Mr. Root. I said that we adopted this practice, and we 

 have never succeeded before in making a uniform article, 

 every day alike, and it never can be done so well as by aerat- 

 ing the milk. I want to say just one word about this matter 

 of cleansing the cans. The New York State cans are made 

 better than ours. The cans made here are not made quite 

 right. Our tinmen may solder the outside very nicely in- 

 deed, and yet inside of the can there may be little crevices 

 where the milk becomes hardened ; and, though the cans may 

 be scalded, yet there will be a substance that will gradually 

 collect there, that will hold little particles of ferment, which, 

 unless the most assiduous care is taken, will remain there and 

 injure the milk. One man who was noted for his cleanliness 

 had his milk sent home from the factory on a certain day, be- 

 cause it was sour. He had scalded his can at 212 degrees, 

 and yet there was an odor. He came to me and said, "What 

 shall I do ? " It troubled him a great deal ; it troubled his 

 wife. Said I, "Go and get some quicklime and put it into 

 your cans ; put in boiling water ; stop up the covers, and see 

 what that will do." He did it, and has had sweet milk ever 

 since ; it killed out every particle of ferment. I said to our 

 foreman, "Take a jack-knife and run it round the edge of 

 the can at the bottom, and then knock out whatever you get, 

 and ask the n\i\n to look at it, and if he don't see something 

 there that looks like dirt, I shall be mistaken." 



