380 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



Top layer of cream, 6345'' Lower layer of cream, 8180'' 



" 6300" '' " 6390" 



«' '< 6255" " " 8505" 



«i <« 6480" " " 8100" 



'* 6010" " " 7155" 



The granules in the lower layer were very numerous, but 

 not considered hi formhis; our averaijes. 



The impression gained on observing this milk microscopic- 

 ally was a great variation in sizes of globules, so much so as 

 to sucfgest a division in two classes, as if two different ojlob- 

 uled milks had been mixed. 



If the measurement of 100 globules of the cream may be 

 taken as giving an indication of an avcrasie, we had 24 i^lob- 

 ules laro'er than 6,750', and 76 ijlobules of that size and 

 smaller, a proportion of about 1 to 3. The proportion of 

 butter between the results of the two churnings was about 

 one to 3^, a correspondence sufficiently close to be suggestive, 

 and, taken into consideration along with the microscopic 

 investigation of the buttermilk, offers the explanation that the 

 larger globules principally furnished the butter of the first 

 cliurniug, while the smaller globules were the principal factors 

 in producing the butter in the second churning. 



This experiment can be verified in a very simple way, by 

 shaking some milk in a clean white glass bottle. After a 

 short time specks of butter will be seen adhering to the glass, 

 the product of the breaking of the largest globules, while it 

 may be a long time before the butter will appear in the ordi- 

 nary acceptance of practice. 



Another consideration in the study of the globule is the 

 efiiect of the distance of the cow from calving, on the size. As 

 a constant result with me, the further from calving the smaller 

 the globule, and I think the more uniform the sizes. 



Experiment V. 

 The milk of the same cow at various periods from calv- 

 ing :— 



Days from calving, l^-. Average size of globule, 4400" 



" " 31. " " 4666" 



" " 33. " " 6000" 



