DUTCH CATTLE. 129 



C. Middle Race. — Highland race ; forms the transition 

 from A to B ; Frankish cow. 



On page 55, Schmalz says, "To the race A belong the 

 Dutch^ as representative, the Friesian, the Oldenbm'g, and 

 chiefly all Lowland races bearing the peculiar characteristics 

 which identify it with the place of its sojourn. 



"This is a purely natural division, and there is not the least 

 arrogance in asserting, what history points out, that the 

 Dutch cattle constitute the type of the oldest, purest and best 

 breed. All other varieties are of less intrinsic value ; they 

 are coarser or smaller, possess less productive qualities, 

 though of local excellence in their native places. 



" If cattle of the genuine breed are bought, hnported elseivliere, 

 and there bred, ivhy is it not called by its native name, and 

 ivhy must an appellation be given to it quite foreign and un- 

 knoion to itf 



"One hears in Europe of 'Lowland cattle,' but purchases 

 of them for the purpose of improving other breeds have, for 

 the last hundred years, been only made in the chief Nether- 

 land provinces, where the choicest cattle of the Lowlands are 

 found. Thus, thousands of Dutch and Friesian cattle are 

 annually sent a1)road under the name of Dutch cattle.'''' 



Finally, I beg to add quotations from Dr. George May,* 

 director of the agricultural establishment at Weihenstephan, 

 who visited Holland about ten years ago. 



" The Dutch cattle constitute the type of the properly so- 

 called Lowland race, which extends throughout Netherlands, 

 Flanders, Normandy, Oldenburg and Denmark." Further on, 

 page 41, he saj^s : "The Oldenburg cattle descend from the 

 Dutch race, and are likewise distinguished as East Friesian 

 cattle, as still partially found in Hanoverian Friesland. In 

 the adjacent parts of Bremen it is called Bremen cattle." 

 On page 42 : " The Holstein and Breitenburg cattle in the 

 Wilster and Rempner marshes are equal to * * * but with 

 respect to their square build, the Breitenburg cattle are in 

 their properties more like the finer Dutch cattle." 



Other writers of repute may be quoted, but enough has 

 been sriven to show that the name of " Holstein cattle " is 



* Dr. George May. The Cattle. Munich, 18G3, Vol. II., p. 38. 

 17* 



