- 38? - 



the tree presents a brown and withered appearance which is no- 

 ticeable hundreds of yards away, and after a little practice the more 

 seriously affected trees can be* picked out at a distance. When the 

 attack is very serious and prolonged the trees die and there is 

 then no difficulty in realising the damage done. 



" Nearly all these manifestations are shown in the articles on 

 the Sawfly which were written for the Journal of the Board of 

 Agriculture by Dr. MacDougall and Dr. Hewitt, and in Leaflet 186." 



JOHN MACRAE. The Large Larch Saw-Fly. Trans, of R. 

 Scottish Arbor. Soc., Vol. XXIII, PS. II, pp. 186-177. Edin- 

 burgh, July 1910. 



The Aematus Erichsonii, Hart. (Saw-fly) is more widely spread 

 in the British area than was formerly believed. 



As a remedy the natural enemies of the insect, should be en- 

 couraged, especially voles, various insect-eating birds, and especially 

 an ichneumon fly (Mesolejus aulicus}. 



EDWARD T. CONNOLD. British Oak Galls, illustrated with 

 68 full-page plates, 21 insects and 17 small drawings. 



(London, Adlard and Son, 1908, p. v., p. XVIII-i69, with 

 68 plates). 



The British Oak is the abode of a vast concourse of depen- 

 dents. Nearly five hundred different species of insects, and other 

 creatures, find their needs amply supplied, mainly by the leaves. 

 Of this number about two hundred are either parasites living upon 

 the larvae of fifty-four species of Cynipidae which produce galls, 

 or they are inquilines obtaining their nourishment from the tissues 

 of the galls. The Oak is therefore of great importance to insect life. 



The object of this volume is to describe and illustrate, in some 

 measure, galls produced by the Cynipidae and other causes of galls 

 on the Oak. The insects, with their parasites and other occupants 

 of the galls, have been fully described by various writers; several 

 pages will, however, be devoted to a few interesting and unique 

 features of the Cynipidae. 



